The investigators are evaluating the acceptability and effectiveness of brief online wellness modules. Participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention condition, an active control condition, or a wait-list control condition. The investigators are using a factorial design, such that each participant in the intervention condition will be randomly assigned to receive three of four wellness modules. The investigators will analyze the intervention's effectiveness as a universal intervention (using the full sample) and a targeted intervention (using the subset of the sample that reported elevated depressive symptoms or anxiety symptoms at baseline).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
2,500
COMET includes four different modules that teach participants exercises designed to improve mental health and well-being. Participants are asked to complete exercises focused on behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, gratitude and self-compassion. At the end of the intervention, participants are sent templates that they can you to complete the exercises on, and are encouraged to continue practicing their exercises in their daily life.
A control condition in which participants learn about self-awareness through writing about memories, writing a short argumentative essay, and noticing objects in their surroundings.
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
RECRUITINGChange in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
Depression questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 27. Lower scores indicate less depression.
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Change in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener-7 (GAD-7)
Anxiety questionnaire. Total scores range from 0-21. Lower scores indicate less anxiety.
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Change in Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS)
Subjective Well-being questionnaire. Total scores range from 7 to 35. Higher values indicate higher well-being scores.
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Ratings of Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM)
Questionnaire measuring the acceptability of an intervention. Acceptability refers to the perception that a given treatment is agreeable or satisfactory. The total score ranges from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate higher acceptability ratings.
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention
Mechanism Questions
Participants answered questions relating to each module's mechanism of change on a 7-point Likert Scale, from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". Specifically, we asked participants: * How capable they feel about managing negative thoughts * If they will intentionally spend time doing activities they enjoy * If they will notice and appreciate good things * If they will be able to treat themselves with empathy and compassion
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Ability to Cope with COVID-19
2 questions related to their ability to cope with stressors over the upcoming weeks (including challenges relating to COVID-19). Participants answered these questions on a 7-point Likert Scale, from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". Specifically, we asked participants: * if they will be able to handle lifestyle changes due to the coronavirus, * if the pandemic will have an extremely negative impact on their life.
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Secondary Control
We asked participants three items to assess secondary control (Weisz et al., 2010). The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("Very false") to 3 ("Very true"). The three items are: * When something bad happens, I can find a way to think about it that makes me feel better. * After a really hard day, I can make myself feel better by remembering some good things that happened. * When bad things happen to me that I can't control, there are lots of things I can do to feel better. Higher scores will indicate greater secondary control.
Time frame: Up to 12 weeks post-intervention
Perceived Utility
Participants were asked to rate three items relating to the perceived utility of each module. Specifically, we asked participants: * How helpful the module was * How engaging the module was * How much they will continue applying content from the module Higher scores will indicate greater perceived utility.
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention
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