Multiple myeloma is a disease that causes increased bone fragility which is often revealed or complicated by vertebral fractures. Invasion of bone marrow by tumor plasma cells leads to bone destruction and reduced fat fraction. The main objective is to assess the correlation between vertebral bone marrow fat fraction and bone fragility represented by a severity score of vertebral fractures. The secondary objective is to assess the correlation with clinical and biological prognostic factors and scores..
Patients treated with vertebroplasty will be included during the period of the study, retrospectively or prospectively. Mains collected data are represented by : * Bone marrow fat fraction determined by MRI * Severity score for vertebral fractures * Clinical prognostic factors * Biological prognostic factors * Clinico-biological scores Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses will be performed between the measured parameters.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
100
Bone marrow fat quantification by MRI at the moment of the diagnosis of vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Osteo-Articular, Visceral and Vascular Imaging department
Paris, France
RECRUITINGPercentage of bone marrow fat in vertebral bone marrow
Measured from Dixon sequences on MRI exams performed in routine care, for the assessment of the relationship between bone marrow vertebral fat content and the severity of the vertebral fractures
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Vertebral fracture severity score
Score established according to morphological criteria determined by MRI/computerized tomography scan, based on the Genant classification. Calculation of sum of the points awarded as follows: vertebral fracture on osteolytic lesion = 3; osteolytic lesion with high fracture risk = 0; other fracture related to increased bone fragility, scale 1-3 according to Genant's criteria, 3 representing the worst situation; normal vertebra = 0.
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Sex
Male or female
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Age at the diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Age in years at the diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Weight/body mass index (BMI)
The Body Mass Index is calculated as the ratio between the weight measured in kilograms and the square of the height measured in meters
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Age at the moment of the vertebral fracture
Age in years at the moment of the vertebral fracture
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Type of the monoclonal component
Corresponding the type of the heavy (IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE or IgM) and/or the light chain (κ or λ) of the monoclonal immunoglobulin protein
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Serum rate of the monoclonal component
Serum rate of the monoclonal immunoglobulin protein in g/L
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Medullary plasmacytosis
Percentage of plasma cells assessed by bone marrow aspiration
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Presence of anaemia
Defined by hemoglobin value \< 100g/L
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Presence of hypercalcemia
Defined by serum calcium \> 2.75mmol/L
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Presence of renal failure related to myeloma
Defined by a creatinine clearance \< 40mL/min or serum creatinine \> 177µmol/L
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Presence of amyloidosis
Presence of amyloid deposits revealed by tissue biopsy
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Multiple myeloma stage according to the Salmon-Durie staging System
The Salmon-Durie classification in three stages according to the absence (I) or the presence (III) of the following criteria: anemia (hemoglobin value \< 100g/L); hypercalcemia (serum calcium \> 2.75mmol/L); amyloidosis (amyloid deposits revealed by biopsy); bone lesion at imaging. Concerning the serum rate of the monoclonal component, IgA \< 30g/L and IgG \< 50 g/L are considered stage I, and IgA \> 50g/L and IgG \> 70 g/L are considered stage III. The intermediate stage II is based on the rate of the blood monoclonal component (from 30 to 50 g/L for IgA and from 50 to 70 g/L for IgG) . The subclassification depends on the absence (A) or the presence of renal failure related to myeloma (B) (defined by creatinine clearance \< 40mL/min or serum creatinine \> 177µmol/L).
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Multiple myeloma stage according to the International Staging System (ISS)
To determine the International Staging System score (ISS) in three stages with stage I corresponding to serum beta-2-microglobulin \< 3.5 mg/L and serum albumin ≥ 35 g/L, stage III corresponding to beta-2-microglobulin ≥ 5.5 mg/L, and stage II when not stage I or III
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Serum rate of Lactate dehydrogenase
Measured in U/L; serum lactate dehydrogenase is a poor prognosis factor when elevated (\> 300U/L)
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Salmon-Durie Plus classification
Based of the MRI pattern of multiple myeloma that determine three stages : stage I (0-4 focal lesions), stage II (5-20 focal lesions), stage III (\>20 focal lesions). The subclassification depends on the absence (A) or the absence of extramedullary disease (B) (anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure, amyloidosis)
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Type of bone damage on CT scan
Classified as normal, focal lesion, diffuse osteopenia, focal lesion with diffuse osteopenia
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
Vertebral radiodensity
Measured by a CT scan in Hounsfield Units
Time frame: At the moment of the diagnosis of the vertebral fracture before treatment by vertebroplasty
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