The investigators sought to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with furosemide + HSS in terms of reduction of serum levels of some chosen markers of heart failure and the response in terms of these markers at a compensated state after an acute saline load.
All consecutive patients aged \>18 years with a diagnosis of acute heart failure or exacerbation in chronic heart failure due to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction ( HFrEF) admitted to the ward of Internal Medicine were enrolled from March 2017 to June 2019. Enrolled subjects were treated with treatment with hypertonic saline solutions + furosemide e.v and control subjects with congestive heart failure randomized to treatment with intravenous furosemide only. Chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dialysis replacement, acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, pneumonia, myopathies, neoplasms have been excluded. Patients underwent at T0 (at 24 hours from admission), T1 (after 6-8 days after treatment with high dose furosemide+ HSS ), T2 (after a saline load) venepuncture to obtain venous blood samples for the determination of serum concentrations of N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, High-sensitive cardiac troponin T, Galectin 3, IL-6.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
136
Intravenous Furosemide Plus Small Hypertonic Saline Solutions (HSS)
AOUP Paolo Giaccone
Palermo, Italy
Internal Medicine Ward of Palermo University Hospital
Palermo, Italy
Effects of Treatment With Moderate/High Doses of Intravenous Furosemide Plus Small Hypertonic Saline Solutions (HSS) on Atrial Stretching
Assessment of differences between participants on atrial diameters evaluated with echocardiography
Time frame: 6 days
Effects of Treatment With Moderate/High Doses of Intravenous Furosemide Plus Small Hypertonic Saline Solutions (HSS) on Atrial Fibrosis
Assessment of differences between participants on atrial fibrosis evaluated with echocardiography
Time frame: 6 days
Effects of Treatment With Moderate/High Doses of Intravenous Furosemide Plus Small Hypertonic Saline Solutions (HSS) on Inflammatory Markers
Evaluation of serum level of cytokines linked to inflammation and cardiac damage (IL-6, High-sensitive cardiac troponin T, Soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1, Galectin-3, N Terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide, C Reactive Protein)
Time frame: 6 days
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