Prospective Evaluation of Oral Antibiotics for Treatment of Shoulder PJI

Rothman Institute Orthopaedics100 enrolled

Overview

Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is an anaerobic aerotolerant bacteria commonly isolated during revision shoulder surgery. It is increasingly recognized as a pathogen, mainly in implant-related infections. As an anaerobe, it usually needs a prolonged culture incubation time of up to 14 days for growth and the association between implant surgery and C. acnes infection is not always obvious. Unfortunately, prolonged incubation also increases the risk of false positive cultures in isolating organisms that may exist as a result of contamination. Given high rates of positive C. acnes cultures in cases of both primary and revision shoulder surgery, the ramifications of positive C. acnes cultures for clinical decision making remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to prospectively study the efficacy and side-effect profile of surgical treatment plus an oral antibiotic regiment for shoulder PJI with indolent organisms (C. acnes and CNS).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

100

Conditions

Periprosthetic Infection Oral Antibiotics Revision Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Interventions

Doxycycline 100 MG Oral TabletDRUG

Patients that are undergoing a single stage revision total shoulder arthroplasty will be enrolled in this study. As is standard of care, routine cultures will be taken from predetermined areas in the shoulder. All patients will be treated with 13 days of oral Doxycycline pending culture results.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. all patients undergoing single-stage revision arthroplasty with all implants exchanged, 2. all patients undergoing single-stage revision arthroplasty with some implants retained, 3. all patients undergoing explantation of a shoulder arthroplasty and placement of an antibiotic spacer Exclusion Criteria: 1. patients with polymicrobial infection, 2. patients with infection by organisms other than P. acnes or Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, 3. patients with clinical suspicion of infection but negative cultures, 4. patients with no preoperative or intraoperative signs of infection and only 1 positive culture.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Rate of Postoperative Infections

The investigator will measure the incidence of postoperative infections in participants treated with oral antibiotics after revision shoulder surgery versus those treated with intravenous antibiotics after surgery

Time frame: 1 year