This study is a case-control observational study, involving persons with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls. The study contains 1 descriptive and 4 experimental sessions. In the descriptive session, participant's clinical motor and cognitive functions are collected. In the first experimental session, participant's beat perception and synchronisation abilities is examined within a finger tapping paradigm. In the following experimental sessions participants synchronsiation abilities is examined during walking paradigms, to music and metronomes, at different tempi and alignment strategies. In the latter three sessions, apart from outcome measures of synchronization the following will be collected as well: spatio-temporal gait parameters, perceived fatigue, perceived motivation and perceived speed of walking.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
8
The study contains 1 descriptive and 4 experimental sessions. In the descriptive session, participant's clinical motor and cognitive functions are collected. In the first experimental session, participant's beat perception and synchronisation abilities is examined within a finger tapping paradigm. In the following experimental sessions participants synchronsiation abilities is examined during walking paradigms, to music and metronomes, at different tempi and alignment strategies. In the latter three sessions, apart from outcome measures of synchronization the following will be collected as well: spatio-temporal gait parameters, perceived fatigue, perceived motivation and perceived speed of walking.
National MS Center Melsbroek
Melsbroek, Belgium
Noorderhart Revalidatie & MS centrum
Overpelt, Belgium
Resultant Vector Length
synchronisation consistency
Time frame: week 3
Resultant Vector Length
synchronisation consistency
Time frame: week 4
Resultant Vector Length
synchronisation consistency
Time frame: week 5
Relative phase angle
asynchrony in time to quantify synchronization accuracy (in degrees and in milliseconds respectively)
Time frame: week 3
Relative phase angle
asynchrony in time to quantify synchronization accuracy (in degrees and in milliseconds respectively)
Time frame: week 4
Relative phase angle
asynchrony in time to quantify synchronization accuracy (in degrees and in milliseconds respectively)
Time frame: week 5
Perceptual tempo and rhythm judgements
subjective indications in regards to what the participants hear in terms
Time frame: week 2
Asynchrony
timing difference between the tap and the beat
Time frame: week2
EEG
64 channel EEG measurement (only conducted in 4 PwMS and HC) -\> neural correlates of entrainment
Time frame: week 2
Muscle weakness
Motricity Index of dorsi flexors, knee extensors and hip flexors -
Time frame: week 1
Spasticity
Modified Aschowrth scale Hamstrings, Tricepts Surae, Quadricepts
Time frame: week 1
Ataxia
Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia
Time frame: week 1
Dynamic gait index
dynamic balance
Time frame: week 1
Time up and Go test
balance
Time frame: week 1
6 minute walking test
gait pattern and endurance
Time frame: week 1
Brief repeatable battery of Rao
cognitive test
Time frame: week 1
Symbol digit mobility test
cognitive test
Time frame: week 1
Stroop test 0
cognitive test
Time frame: week 1
MS walking scale -12
impact of MS on walking ability
Time frame: week 1
Activities-specific balance confidence scale
rating of balance confidence in performing activities of daily life
Time frame: week 1
Modified fatigue impact scale
effect of fatigue
Time frame: week 1
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
determine the levels of anxiety and depression
Time frame: week 1
Dual task questionnaire
troubles a person have when performing a dual task during daily activity
Time frame: week 1
Cadence
number of steps per minute
Time frame: week 3
Cadence
number of steps per minute
Time frame: week 4
Cadence
number of steps per minute
Time frame: week 5
Stride length
distance between consecutive steps (cm)
Time frame: week 3
Stride length
distance between consecutive steps (cm)
Time frame: week 4
Stride length
distance between consecutive steps (cm)
Time frame: week 5
speed
gait velocity (m/s)
Time frame: week 3
speed
gait velocity (m/s)
Time frame: week 4
speed
gait velocity (m/s)
Time frame: week 5
Double Support
time that both legs are in contact with the floor (mseconds)
Time frame: week 3
Double Support
time that both legs are in contact with the floor (mseconds)
Time frame: week 4
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Double Support
time that both legs are in contact with the floor (mseconds)
Time frame: week 5
Perceived cognitive and physical fatigue
A visual analogue scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived cognitive and physical fatigue levels before and after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 3
Perceived cognitive and physical fatigue
A visual analogue scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived cognitive and physical fatigue levels before and after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 4
Perceived cognitive and physical fatigue
A visual analogue scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived cognitive and physical fatigue levels before and after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 5
Perceived motivation
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived motivation of walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 3
Perceived motivation
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived motivation of walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 4
Perceived motivation
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived motivation of walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 5
Perceived walking speed
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived walking speed relative to their usual walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 3
Perceived walking speed
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived walking speed relative to their usual walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 4
Perceived walking speed
A Likert scale will be used, and participants will be asked to rate their perceived walking speed relative to their usual walking after each experimental walking conditions
Time frame: week 5