Clinical Trial to Demonstrate the Effectiveness of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Selective Intestinal Decolonization of Patients Colonized by Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Overview

Infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae are frequent and often associated with high rates of mortality. Colonized patients are at increased risk of infection for these microorganisms. Moreover, they can act as a reservoir facilitating the transmission to other patients. To date, decolonization strategies with antibiotics have not obtained convincing results. For that reason our main objective is to investigate the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for selective intestinal decolonization of patients colonized by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp-KPC) at 30 days after FMT. Our hypothesis is that FMT is effective and safe for selective intestinal decolonization in patients colonized by Kp-KPC. The design of the study is a randomized, superiority, double blind controlled with placebo clinical trial. The main variable is the percentage of patients with intestinal decolonization at 30 days after FMT in intention to treat population (all randomized patients). Decolonization will be considered as the abscence of isolation of Kp-KPC in culture from rectal swab together with the abscence of detection of carbapenemase by mean of polymerase chain reaction. Secondary objectives are: * To evaluate the safety of FMT. * To determine if FMT is associated with decrease in the amount of bacteria at 7 days after FMT and 30 days after FMT. * To evaluate if FMT is associated with persistent intestinal decolonization at 3 months after intervention. * To study if FMT is associated with decrease in the incidence of Kp-KPC infections at 3 months after intervention. * To evaluate if FMT is associated with decrease in mortality due to Kp-KPC infections at 3 months after intervention.