TMS in Aphasia Recovery

Inclusion Criteria: * Aphasic patients will have had single, unilateral left hemisphere ischemic stroke, which spared the supplementary motor area (SMA) * With the exception of lacunar infarcts less than ≤ 1.5 cm (as measured by neuroimaging), the stroke causing the patients' impairments must be the only stroke. * Aphasic patients will be at least 6 months post-stroke and have mild-severe, non-fluent speech * Participants must be able to understand the nature of the study, and give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with more than one stroke * Primary hemorrhagic stroke. Note: It is recognized that some ischemic strokes may have a minor amount of hemosiderin in the parenchyma. If this occurs, this is not considered a "hemorrhagic stroke" referred to in this exclusion criterion. * Intracranial metallic bodies from prior neurosurgical procedure * Signs of increased intracranial pressure as assessed by ophthalmic exam and patient symptoms * Implanted pacemaker, medication pump, vagal nerve stimulator, deep brain stimulator, TENS unit or ventriculoperitoneal shunt * History of seizure or unexplained loss of consciousness during the year prior to the initiation of the study * Pregnancy. If the patient cannot rule out pregnancy then a pregnancy test will be conducted prior to inclusion into the study * Family history of epilepsy * Acute, unstable medical conditions * History of substance abuse within the last 6 months * Abnormal neurologic exam other than as signs of the condition studied in the present protocol * History of known structural brain abnormality other than as signs of the condition studied in the present protocol * History of tinnitus * History of bipolar disorder * Consumption of medicines known to lower the seizure threshold * History of head injury with unconsciousness lasting more than 5 minutes * Previous brain surgery * Other medical or neurologic conditions, aside from stroke, in which the likelihood of developing a seizure is known to be increased * Other medical or neurologic conditions, in which a seizure would be particularly harmful * Significant cardiac disease * Intracardiac lines of any type * Current serious or unstable medical illness, including renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrinologic, neurologic, immunologic, or hematological disease, that could require admission to a hospital within 3 months, or that death is anticipated within 3 years, or that requires daily supervision by a health professional * Administration of any investigational drug within 5 half-lives of the drug prior to testing