The objective of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OB-Quest) and evaluate the psychometric properties of the translated version by validity and reliability testing.
This study consists of two parts; in the first part, the translation and cross-cultural adaptation were undertaken, and in the second part, analyses of psychometric properties of OB-Quest Turkish were performed. Part I: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation The developers of the original questionnaire were contacted to seek their permission to translate the OB-Quest into Turkish and permission was obtained by the researchers via email. The five-stage translation-back translation method proposed by Beaton et al were used in the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire (Beaton et al., 2000). The first stage included translation procedures, and two therapists translated the questionnaires' English form into Turkish. In the second stage, two translations were compared to avoid any discrepancy and converted a single text by the research team. Generally, OB-Quest has a simple and understandable sentence structure. Therefore, it did not require any cultural adaptation, simple arrangement was enough to provide clarity. Researchers arranged on the last two items. These items consisting of a single sentence were divided into two as 'example and question', to overcome the complexity of the questions and maintain the integrity of the meaning. After the corrections, researchers had an agreement on the Turkish version of OB-Quest. In the third stage, the back translation of the final text from Turkish to English was made by two native English speakers whose Turkish very well. In the fourth step, the researchers compared the original text with the last English form and produced the final version. The final stage covered the pilot study to get understanding items. After the translation process was completed, a pilot study was conducted with a group of 30 people. Participants approved the final version was appropriate and understandable. The participants in the pilot study did not include in the sample group. Part II Analysis of the psychometric properties of OB-Quest
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
339
Zeynep Bahadir Agce
Istanbul, State, Turkey (Türkiye)
Occupational Balance-Questionnaire (OB-Quest)
OB-Quest was developed by Dür et all., as a self-reported outcome instrument to evaluate occupational balance. It was developed based on the experiences of chronic patients and healthy people. The OB-Quest original version internal consistency was shown by Cronbach's alpha as 0.57. It has consisted of ten items and seven components: challenging and relaxing activities; accepted activities; impact of health status on activities; stress, rest and sleep; various activities; and adaptation of activities according to changing living conditions. Each item is scored on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 3, where 1 indicates a positive score such as 'having a wide variety of activities, and 3 indicates a negative score such as 'not having a wide variety of activities or not showing any variation'. A low score is interpreted as a good occupational balance (Dür et al., 2014).
Time frame: 5 minutess.
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Beck Depression Inventory was developed by Beck in 1961. It includes 21 items that measure the level of depressive symptoms. Each item contains a four-grade self-assessment that determines depression-specific behavior (Beck, 1961). High scores represent an increase in depressed states. The Turkish scale was adapted by Hisli et al. (Hisli Şahin, 1988).
Time frame: 15 minutes
The 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12)
SF-12 was created by simplifying SF-36. It was developed by Ware et al. in 1993 to evaluate quality of life and health outcomes (Ware Jr et al., 1996). SF-12 scores were calculated for each SF-12 physical (SF-12 PCS) and SF-12 mental (SF-12 MCS) component and added to determine the overall score according to the algorithm described by Ware et al. low scores are associated with low quality of life (Ware et al., 1995). It is an easy-to-apply questionnaire with proven reliability and validity in Turkish (Kocyigit et al., 1999).
Time frame: 7 minutes
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