The association of doublet chemotherapy (FOLFOX and FOLFIRI) and anti-EGFR-moAbs (panitumumab or cetuximab) is a standard option for the first-line treatment of unresectable RAS and BRAF wt mCRC patients, especially with left-sided primary tumour. In RAS wt mCRC patients refractory to chemotherapy and anti-EGFR naive, the standard treatment sequence is an anti-EGFR-based therapy (panitumumab or cetuximab +/- irinotecan) followed by regorafenib. In a phase II randomized Japanese study named REVERCE, a higher OS was reported in favour of an experimental strategy of regorafenib followed at progression by cetuximab +/- irinotecan compared with the reverse standard sequence in chemorefractory and anti-EGFR-naïve, RAS wt mCRC patients. However, the limitations of the REVERCE study (phase II trial with a premature conclusion for poor accrual) do not allow us to draw definitive conclusions. In addition, nowadays, patients candidates to an anti-EGFR-based treatment, receive anti-EGFRMoAbs in earlier lines of therapy thus affecting the translation of these results in the current clinical practice. Retrospective analyses and a phase II single-arm trial showed promising activity of anti-EGFR rechallenge in patients who previously achieved benefit from a first-line anti- EGFR-based treatment and not bearing RAS mutation on ct-DNA at the rechallenge baseline. Based on these considerations, the Investigators designed the present phase II randomized study of panitumumab followed at progression by regorafenib versus the reverse sequence in RAS and BRAF wt mCRC patients with the following characteristics: 1. previous treatment with, or not considered candidates for, fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and an anti-angiogenic agent (bevacizumab or aflibercept); 2. RECIST response or stable disease lasting at least 6 months to a previous first-line anti-EGFR-based treatment; 3. RAS and BRAF wt ct-DNA at the time of screening. The aim of this study is to compare the two sequences in a Caucasian population of patients candidates to anti-EGFR rechallenge.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
214
regorafenib administered until progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient's refusal followed after progression by panitumumab until further progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient's refusal in RAS and BRAF wt mCRC patients with the following characteristics: 1. previous treatment with, or not considered candidates for, fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and anti-angiogenic agent (bevacizumab or aflibercept); 2. RECIST response or stable disease lasting at least 6 months to a previous first-line anti-EGFR-based treatment; 3. RAS and BRAF wt ct-DNA at the time of screening.
panitumumab administered until progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient's refusal followed after progression by regorafenib until further progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient's refusal in RAS and BRAF wt mCRC patients with the following characteristics: 1. previous treatment with, or not considered candidates for, fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and anti-angiogenic agent (bevacizumab or aflibercept); 2. RECIST response or stable disease lasting at least 6 months to a previous first-line anti-EGFR-based treatment; 3. RAS and BRAF wt ct-DNA at the time of screening.
U.O. Oncologia 2 Universitaria
Pisa, PI, Italy
Overall survival
time from randomization to the date of death due to any cause. For patients still alive at the time of analysis, the OS time will be censored on the last date the patients were known to be alive.
Time frame: 30 months
Overall Toxicity Rate
percentage of patients, relative to the total of enrolled subjects, experiencing any adverse event, according to National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (version 5.0), during panitumumab and regorafenib
Time frame: 24 months
G3/4 Toxicity Rate
the percentage of patients, relative to the total of enrolled subjects, experiencing a specific adverse event of grade 3/4, according to National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (version 5.0), during panitumumab and regorafenib.
Time frame: 24 months
1st-Progression free survival
time from randomization to the first documentation of objective disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first.
Time frame: 21 months
2nd-Progression free survival
the time from the beginning of the second-line study treatment to the documentation of objective disease progression according to RECIST 1.1 criteria or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first
Time frame: 24 months
Time to Failure of strategy
the time from randomization till the first of any of the following events: a) death; b) disease progression according to RECIST 1.1 criteria on any treatment given after 1st progression
Time frame: 24 months
Objective Response Rate
the percentage of patients, relative to the total of enrolled subjects, achieving a complete (CR) or partial (PR) response, according to RECIST 1.1 criteria, during panitumumab and regorafenib.
Time frame: 24 months
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