The Unintrusive Detection of EaRly-stage Cancers

Inclusion Criteria for All the Participants: * Ability to provide a written informed consent * 40-75 years old * Ability to comply with study procedures Exclusion Criteria for All the Participants: * Pregnancy or lactating women * Recipients of organ transplant or prior non-autologous (allogeneic) bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant * Recipients of blood transfusion within 7 days prior to study blood draw * Recipients of any anti-cancer therapy within 30 days prior to study blood draw, due to diseases other than cancer Inclusion Criteria for Cancer Arm Participants: * Confirmed diagnosis or suspicious cases of cancer within 42 days prior to study blood draw. * No prior anti-cancer therapy (local or systematic) prior to study blood draw Exclusion Criteria for Cancer Arm Participants: * Known prior or current diagnosis of other types of malignancies or multiple primary tumors * Diagnosis of benign diseases by histopathological assessments * No confirmed diagnosis of cancer by histopathological or radiological assessments within 42 days of study blood draw, or inability to characterize whether the lesion is malignant or benign * Non-small-cell lung cancer patients with ground-class nodularity by radiological examination * Diagnosis of precancerous lesions Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Arm Participants: * No cancer-related symptoms or discomfort within 30 days prior to study blood draw * No clinically significant finding by physical examinations, hematological assessment, urinalysis, LDCT or ultrasound * No clinically significant finding by breast ultrasound or Molybdenum Target Mammography Detection, or Thinprep cytologic test (TCT) detection for female participants * No active hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Arm Participants: * Prior or ongoing treatment of cancer within 3 years prior to study blood draw * Clinically significant or uncontrolled comorbidities