Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is defined as a combination of obesity \[body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2\], chronic daytime hypercapnia (PaCO2 \>45 mm Hg), and sleep-apnea in the absence of other known causes of hypercapnia. Respiratory system compliance decreases and resistance increases in OHS. This causes increase in work of breathing and oxygen cost of breathing, which may result in respiratory muscle fatigue. Increase in respiratory workload and increase in resistance to respiration is expected to decrease in respiratory muscle endurance (RME) in subjects with OHS.
In the literature, studies evaluating RME in subjects with OHS are limited. No study has been found to evaluate RME using the incremental load test in subjects with OHS. Accordingly, it was aimed to evaluate and compare respiratory muscle endurance in subjects with OHS and a control group, and to determine factors associated with respiratory muscle endurance.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
60
Istanbul University
Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Incremental load test
Respiratory muscle endurance was evaluated by incremental load test. The incremental load test was performed using the electronic inspiratory loading device (PowerBreathe®-KHP2).
Time frame: 1 day
Mouth pressure measurements
Respiratory muscle strength was measured using mouth pressure measurements (Micro Medical MicroRPM).
Time frame: 1 day
6 minute walk test
The 6 minute walk test was used to evaluate the functional exercise capacity of the subjects.
Time frame: 1 day
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. A score of \>10 accepted as daytime sleepiness.
Time frame: 1 day
Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index
Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. The total score were interpreted as follows: 0-5 indicated good sleep quality, \> 5 indicated poor sleep quality, and \>10 indicated the presence of a sleep disorder.
Time frame: 1 day
Fatigue Severity Scale
Fatigue severity was assessed with the Fatigue Severity Scale. This seven-likert scale was used for each item and final score was accepted as mean value of the 9 items. The higher scores indicated higher fatigue severity.
Time frame: 1 day
EQ-5D Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire
Quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire. The maximum score of 1 indicates the best health state, and higher scores indicate more severe or frequent problems. In addition, there is a visual analogue scale (VAS) to indicate the general health status in which 100 indicates the best health status.
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Time frame: 1 day
Obesity and Weight Loss Quality of Life Instrument
Quality of life specific to obesity was assessed with the Obesity and Weight Loss Quality of Life Instrument. As the total score from the scale approaches 0, the quality of life decreases, and as it approaches 100, the quality of life increases.
Time frame: 1 day