The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention to prevent weight regain in weight-reduced adults.
Specific Aim 1: Determine the effect of MORE on weight loss maintenance. Hypothesis: MORE will result in less weight regain compared to CON after the 8-week intervention, and benefits will be sustained after 6-month of follow-up. Specific Aim 2: Determine the effect of MORE on reward-related behavioral processes (e.g., disinhibition, restraint, hedonic hunger). Hypothesis: MORE group will demonstrate changes in eating behaviors associated with preventing weight regain compared to CON immediately after MORE and after 6-months of follow-up.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
48
The MORE curriculum has been adapted for this intervention to address food intake behaviors and will provide training in mindfulness techniques to increase awareness of, and self-control over, cravings; reappraisal skills to promote emotion regulation and restructure motivations for highly palatable food intake; and savoring pleasant events and emotions to overcome defects in natural reward processing.
The curriculum will be based on the Diabetes Prevention Program's Prevent T2 for Life program, which is an evidence-based national healthful lifestyle maintenance intervention. This program includes training in healthful eating, meal planning, and recipe modification; time and stress management; adapting lifestyle habits for continued success during holidays, vacations, and other special situations; and relapse prevention.
University of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Changes in Body Weight
Body weight (kg) measured using a calibrated digital scale at three time points: baseline and 6 month follow up. Outcome measure was calculated by subtracting baseline weight from 6 month weigh. Lower value indicates greater weight loss.
Time frame: Baseline and 6 month follow up
Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC).
Four questions from Bryant and Veroffs Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC) were used to assess momentary sensory-perceptual sharpening (ex 'I tried to intensify the moment by focusing on it') and intensifying positive emotional reactions to positive events as 'amplifying' savoring (ex. 'In the last week, I enjoyed the little things in life more fully'). The instrument uses a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from 0 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree). Scale Range: 4-20 Higher scores on the WOSC indicate a stronger perceived ability to savor positive experiences.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Dietary Restraint
Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in a fasted state to measure dietary restraint (conscious restriction of food intake to prevent weight gain or to promote weight loss), disinhibition (tendency to eat opportunistically), and hunger. This questionnaire consists of 20 questions about restraint. Each item is scored either 0 or 1; therefore, the range is 0-20, with higher scores indicating greater levels of dietary restraint.
Time frame: 6 month follow up
Dietary Disinhibition
Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in a fasted state to measure dietary restraint (conscious restriction of food intake to prevent weight gain or to promote weight loss), disinhibition (tendency to eat opportunistically), and hunger. This questionnaire consists of 16 items about disinhibition. Each item is scored either 0 or 1; therefore, the range is 0-16, with higher levels indicating greater levels of dietary disinhibition.
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Time frame: 6 month follow-up
Interoceptive Awareness
The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) is a self-report instrument utilizing a 6-point Likert scale (ranging from 0 = Never to 5 = Always). Scale Range: 0-55 Higher scores on the MAIA indicate higher ability of interoceptive bodily awareness.
Time frame: 6 month follow up
Hedonic Hunger
Participants completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in a fasted state to measure dietary restraint (conscious restriction of food intake to prevent weight gain or to promote weight loss), disinhibition (tendency to eat opportunistically), and hunger. This questionnaire consists of 15 items about general levels of hunger. Each item is scored either 0 or 1; therefore, the range is 0-15, with higher scores indicating greater levels of hedonic hunger.
Time frame: 6 months