The researchers investigate the effect of long-term (12-weeks) consumption of diets rich in boiled potatoes versus those rich in rice or pasta on established cardiovascular risk parameters. These carbohydrate sources will be part of a recommended healthy dietary pattern to mimic as closely as possible current dietary guidelines, facilitating the implementation of the outcomes.
To breach the current controversies, there is an urgent need for well-designed controlled human intervention trials evaluating the true impact of boiled potato consumption as part of a healthy dietary pattern on cardiometabolic health. There are two important issues that need to be addressed when designing such an intervention study: First, the longer-term effects of boiled potato consumption on established fasting and postprandial cardiovascular risk markers should be addressed. Second, the effect of boiled potatoes should be studied using an iso-energetic exchange for other traditionally main carbohydrate sources. These carbohydrate-sources will be part of a recommended healthy dietary pattern to mimic as closely as possible current dietary guidelines, facilitating the implementation of the outcomes. Effects will be studied in both fasting and postprandial conditions. In fact, the evidence is accumulating that optimizing postprandial glucose and lipid responses are important targets for maintaining health. Since potatoes, white rice and white pasta are all products with a high glycemic index and concomitant relatively steep glucose excursions after intake, the question is how long-term intake of these products affects the metabolic capacity of our body to respond to postprandial challenges. Interestingly, potatoes are not only rich in complex carbohydrates but are also more nutrient-dense (a wide variety of minerals, vitamins, and micronutrients) as compared to white rice and white pasta. In addition, potatoes provide large amounts of fiber and are more satiating than other carbohydrate sources. This nutrient profile might beneficially impact the resilience of the metabolic machinery and as such improve postprandial cardiometabolic plasma profiles (glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerol). In other words, there might be a beneficial effect of longer-term potato consumption in comparison with longer-term white pasta and white rice consumption will not only be present in fasting conditions but particularly in the postprandial state when the cardiometabolic system is challenged.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
56
Controlled human intervention trial to evaluate the impact of boiled potato intake as part of a healthy dietary patterns on cardiometabolic health
Since potatoes, white rice and white pasta are all products with a high glycemic index and concomitant relatively steep glucose excursions after intake, this intervention group helps to compare the effect of potato vs another high glucemic index food.
Metabolic Research Unit Maastricht
Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands
RECRUITINGChronic glucose metabolism
Measured by change in average daily glucose concentrations over a 15 hours period between waking up and going to bed 7:00AM - 22:00PM for three days, which is calculated based on the total area under the curve (tAUC) using a continuos glucose monitor.
Time frame: pre- intervention and post- intervention (12 weeks)
Lipid metabolism
Measured by fasting serum C-peptide, lipids and lipoproteins in all visits
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 1 and 2), during the intervention (visit 3, 4, 5) and post intervention (visit 6, and 7)
Glucose metabolism
Measured by fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and calculated HOMA- IR in all visits
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 1 and 2), during the intervention (visit 3, 4, 5) and post intervention (visit 6, and 7)
Low grade inflammation
Measured by inflammation plasma markers (hsCPR, IL6, IL8, TNFa)
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 1 and 2), during the intervention (visit 3, 4, 5) and post intervention (visit 6, and 7)
Postprandial glucose metabolism
Following a high-fat, high-carb meal, measured by plasma glucose, insulin.
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2) and post intervention (visit 7)
Postprandial TAG metabolism
Following a high-fat, high-carb meal, measured by plasma TAG.
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2) and post intervention (visit 7)
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24h urine samples micronutrient profiles
Measured by 24 urine collection.
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2) and post intervention (visit 7)
Quality of life questionnaire
Assessed with a 32-item questionnaire (including social, spiritual, emotional, cognitive, physical, activities of daily living, and integrated quality of life)
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2), during the intervention (visit 4) and post intervention (visit 7)
Mood, degree of pleasantness and arousal
Assessed with the Affect grid
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2), during the intervention (visit 4) and post intervention (visit 7)
Fatigue
Assessed using the FSS, a 9-item questionnaire that is used to determine the severity of fatigue a subject experienced in the past week during daily activities
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2), during the intervention (visit 4) and post intervention (visit 7)
Cognitive performance
Assessed with a validated neuropsychological test battery (CANTAB)
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2), during the intervention (visit 4) and post intervention (visit 7)
Venular and arteriolar diameters
Assessed via fundus photography
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 2), during the intervention (visit 4) and post intervention (visit 7)
Office blood pressure
Measured by office blood pressure monitor in all visits
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre-intervention (visit 1 and 2), during the intervention (visit 3, 4, 5) and post intervention (visit 6, and 7)
36h blood pressure profiles
Assessed via wearables blood pressure monitor
Time frame: 12 weeks intervention: Pre- intervention (visit-1) and post- intervention (visit 6)