This clinical trial investigates if certain electronic games may be effective in improving attention and memory function in cancer survivors. Cancer related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is an issue experienced by many cancer patients/survivors. CRCI includes perceived or objective problems with memory, executive function, and attention/concentration. CRCI has a negative impact on survivors' ability to work, carry out routine activities, and engage in social and family relationships. CRCI may result in significant distress and reduced quality of life. Certain electronic games may help improve attention and memory function in cancer survivors and reduce symptoms of CRCI.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the recruitment and retention rates for both arms of this study. II. Determine the effect size for changes in cognitive function (i.e., Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) \[i.e. attention\], Adaptive Cognitive Evaluation (ACE) \[i.e. working memory\]) in the intervention group compared to the control group following the 4-week study. III. Evaluate adherence rates for and satisfaction with the interventions. IV. Evaluate for treatment-related adverse events (e.g., nausea, motion sickness). SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine effect sizes for depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance, by comparing changes in the intervention group to changes in the control group, following the 4-week study. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. ARM I: Patients play Endeavor over 25 minutes daily 5 days a week for 4 weeks. ARM II: Patients play Words! over 25 minutes daily 5 days a week for 4 weeks.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
49
Endeavor application will be utilized by participant on iPad
Words! application will be utilized by participant on iPad
Standardized QOL questionnaire will be administered at each study visit
University of California San Francisco
San Francisco, California, United States
Percentage of participants who completed the study
Completion is defined as participants who completed all 4 weeks of intervention and final assessment.
Time frame: Up to 6 weeks
Mean change in scores on the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) over time
The TOVA records responses to visual or auditory stimuli through the participants iPAD, with a unique, highly accurate +/1 millisecond (ms) microswitch. The TOVA (Copyright 1991- 2021 by The TOVA Company) automatically calculates response time variability (consistency), response time (speed), commissions (impulsivity), and omissions (focus and vigilance). Results are reported as standard scores (average = 100 with a standard deviation of 15) and are compared to a large normative sample stratified by gender and age. Scores above 85 are within normal limits, 80-85 are borderline, and below 80 are not within normal limits. The mean change in scores will be estimated as the norm-based standardized difference in means from enrollment (Week 1) to the last assessment (Week 4).
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Percent change in scores on the TOVA over time
The TOVA records responses to visual or auditory stimuli through the participants iPAD, with a unique, highly accurate +/1 millisecond (ms) microswitch. The TOVA (Copyright 1991- 2021 by The TOVA Company) automatically calculates response time variability (consistency), response time (speed), commissions (impulsivity), and omissions (focus and vigilance). Results are reported as standard scores (average = 100 with a standard deviation of 15) and are compared to a large normative sample stratified by gender and age. Scores above 85 are within normal limits, 80-85 are borderline, and below 80 are not within normal limits. Will be estimated as the standardized difference between the groups in the percent score change from enrollment (Week 1) to the last assessment (Week 4).
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Mean changes in Adaptive Cognitive Evaluation (ACE)
The ACE is a mobile cognitive control assessment battery containing standard tests that assess different aspects of cognitive control (attention, working memory, and goal management), modified by incorporating adaptive algorithms, immersive graphics, video tutorials, motivating feedback, and a user-friendly interface. The ACE is administered to all participants via iPad and the scores will be estimated as the standardized difference in means from enrollment (Week 1) to the last assessment (Week 4).
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Percent change in scores on the ACE over time
The ACE is a mobile cognitive control assessment battery containing standard tests that assess different aspects of cognitive control (attention, working memory, and goal management), modified by incorporating adaptive algorithms, immersive graphics, video tutorials, motivating feedback, and a user-friendly interface. The ACE is administered to all participants via iPad and the scores will be estimated as the standardized difference between the groups in the percent score change from enrollment (Week 1) to the last assessment (Week 4).
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Proportion of time using application
Adherence rate will be evaluated by comparing the amount of time the participant should have used the application to the actual amount of time the participant used the application.
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Percentage of participants who experienced treatment-related adverse events
Safety analyses will involve examination of and comparison between groups for the percentage of participants by adverse event severity and type of treatment-related adverse events. Comparisons of the frequencies between groups will be conducted using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.
Time frame: Up to 6 weeks
Change in mean severity scores on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale (CES-D)
The CES-D scale is a brief self-report scale designed to measure self-reported symptoms associated with depression experienced in the past week. Responses are rated on a 5 point Likert scale with response option ranging 0="Rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day )" to 4='Most or all of the time (5-7 days)". The scoring of positive items is reversed. Possible range of scores is 0 to 60, with the higher scores indicating the presence of more symptomatology and will be estimated as the standardized difference in means of each measure at the last assessment from enrollment to the last assessment.
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Change in mean severity scores on the Lee Fatigue Scale
The Lee Fatigue Scale is used to measure the impact of fatigue on a participants quality of life. The scale consists of 18 items relating to the subjective experience of fatigue. Each item is rated on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (e.g., from "not at all tired" to "extremely tired"). Scores can range from 0 to 10. The instrument has two subscales: fatigue (items 1-5 and 11-18) and energy (items 6-10). The fatigue subscale score is calculated as the mean of the 13 fatigue items and the energy subscale score is the mean of the 5 energy items. Higher scores on the fatigue subscale represent greater fatigue severity, and higher scores on the energy subscale indicate higher levels of energy and will be estimated as the standardized difference in means of each measure at the last assessment from enrollment to the last assessment.
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
Change in severity scores on the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS)
The GSDS consists of 21 items related to frequency in the past month of difficulty getting to sleep when respondents were asked to think about the past month, and each response is on a 8-point Likert scale from 0 ("never") to 7 ("all the time"). Will be estimated as the standardized difference in means of each measure at the last assessment, and as the difference between the groups in the percent change from enrollment to the last assessment.
Time frame: Up to 4 weeks
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