Sarcopenia is a condition characterised by age-related loss of muscle mass and function. Factors affecting the strength of muscle contraction independent of mass, such as neuromuscular junction (NMJ) transmission, are increasingly suspected as important contributors to the development of age-related physical disability. The group of investigators leading the current study, have recently demonstrated NMJ transmission deficits in aged mice, but whether this translates in older human individuals is not known The primary aim is to assess whether clinically meaningfull muscle weakness is associated with NMJ transmission deficits in older human individuals with clinically meaningfull muscle weakness. The secondary aim is to assess whether NMJ transmission deficits correlate with different measures of functional capacity to inform future trials of the most appropriate choice of tests.
The study is a cross-sectional pilot study and will be led by investigators: 1. Professor Brian Clark, PhD, Ohio University 2. Professor William David Arnold, MD, Ohio State University Up to 16 older (\>70 yrs.) individuals and 8 healthy younger (18-50 yrs.) individuals will be included in this cross-sectional pilot study. To assess whether clinically meaningfull muscle weakness is associated with NMJ transmission failure, results from single fiber EMG analyses and repetitive nerve stimulation in older individuals with clinically meaningfull muscle weakness will be compared to those obtained in older adults without muscle weakness and with healthy young individuals. To assess whether NMJ transmission deficits correlates with different measures of functional capacity, a series of different functional tests will be performed.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
19
Ohio University
Athens, Ohio, United States
Single Fiber Electromyography (sfEMG)
sfEMG of the vastus lateralis will be performed to ascertain NMJ transmission at a minimum of 30 synapses per participant.
Time frame: Baseline
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation
As additional measures of NMJ transmission, Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (3Hz) of the spinal accessory nerve (recorded from the trapezius) and fibular nerve (recorded from tibialis anterior) will be performed
Time frame: Baseline
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Assessment of thigh muscle cross-sectional area
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
Assessment of appendicular lean mass
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
Assessment of total lean mass
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
Assessment of total mass
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
ND Upper Thigh Lean Mass
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
Assessment of bone mineral density
Time frame: Baseline
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption (DEXA) Scanning
Assessment of percent body fat
Time frame: Baseline
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Total Short Physical Performance Battery test score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance)
Time frame: Baseline
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) - Chair Stand Test
Chair Stand Test score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 4 (best performance)
Time frame: Baseline
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) - Standing Balance Test
Standing Balance Test score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 4 (best performance)
Time frame: Baseline
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) - 4 Meter Walk Test
4 Meter Walk Test score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 4 (best performance)
Time frame: Baseline
Stair Climb Power Test
Assessment of lower leg power
Time frame: Baseline
Hand Grip Dynamometry
Assessment of Hand Grip Strength
Time frame: Baseline
Four Square Test
Assessment of coordination
Time frame: Baseline
Isometric and Isokinetic Leg Extension Strength
Assessment of isometric and isokinetic leg extonsor strength. Isokinetic leg extensor strength is also used for weakness classification in older adults
Time frame: Baseline
60-Sec MVC Fatigue Test
Assessment of lower extremity fatigue
Time frame: Baseline
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