Parent-based Treatment for Youth With Anxiety and Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Baylor College of Medicine68 enrolled

Overview

Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders are the most common mental health disorders in childhood and adolescence. A parenting intervention for youth with anxiety, called Supportive Parenting of Anxious Childhood Emotions ("SPACE"), has been recently developed to help target anxiety in children. In this intervention, therapists meet individually with parents to help them reduce anxiety behaviors in their children and support adaptive behaviors in their children. The purpose for the proposed study is to demonstrate the treatment efficacy of SPACE compared to a low-contact, therapist-supported bibliotherapy version of this intervention.

Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders are the most common mental health disorders in childhood and adolescence. Parental accommodation of their children's avoidance, escape, safety behaviors are a set of parenting behaviors that have been most strongly associated with child anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Developing and testing parent-led interventions that target accommodation and parenting styles associated with anxiety has the potential to improve treatment outcomes and reach families who may not otherwise access care (for example, for youth who refuse to attend therapy). A parenting intervention for youth with anxiety has been recently developed to address these goals called Supportive Parenting of Anxious Childhood Emotions ("SPACE"). In this intervention, therapists meet individually with parents to help them reduce accommodation and support adaptive behaviors in their children. SPACE was recently shown to be non-inferior to individual cognitive-behavioral therapy with 88% of youth being classified as responders to SPACE. The purpose for the proposed study is to demonstrate the treatment efficacy of SPACE compared to a low-contact, therapist-supported bibliotherapy version of this intervention, providing efficacy evidence for SPACE as delivered by an independent investigatory group.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 7 YearsMax age: 17 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * The child is between the ages of 7 to 17 at enrollment * The child has clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and/or OCD, as indicated by a score of 12 or higher on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS). * The child is appropriate for anxiety-focused treatment (e.g., anxiety is the primary problem as diagnosed using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS), and if secondary psychopathology is present it will not interfere with treatment). * One parent/guardian is able and willing to participate in assessment and treatment (e.g., has sufficient English fluency, the decisional capacity to participate, and can commit to treatment duration). * The participating parent/guardian lives with their child at least 50% of the time. * Both parent and child are able to read and understand English. * The child is able to communicate verbally. * Participants must reside in Texas and parents must be in the state of Texas when taking calls. Exclusion Criteria: * the child has a diagnosis of child lifetime bipolar disorder, drug of alcohol abuse, intellectual or developmental disability, psychotic disorder, or conduct disorder. * the child has severe, current suicidal/homicidal ideation and/or self-injury requiring medical intervention (referrals will be made for appropriate clinical intervention). * the child is receiving concurrent evidence-based psychotherapy for anxiety, involving exposure therapy in at least 50% of sessions. * the child has initiated or changed dosage of psychotropic medications within 4 weeks before study enrollment OR stimulant or benzodiazepine medications within 2 weeks before study enrollment. If appropriate, the child may be enrolled in the study once medication dosage has stabilized (i.e., 4 weeks for psychotropic medication or 2 weeks for stimulant/benzodiazepine medication).

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale

Clinician-rated child anxiety severity throughout the past week. Each item is scored on a 0 to 5 scale (higher scores correspond to greater severity), yielding a total between 0 and 35.

Time frame: Baseline (before treatment), post-treatment assessment (on average 12 weeks), one month follow up; Baseline scores reported.

Secondary Outcomes

Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS-IV) With Clinical Severity Ratings

Clinician-rated diagnostic interview that includes current anxiety disorders, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and related disorders. Each diagnostic category is coded as present or absent based on symptom criteria and clinical severity ratings (CSRs), which indicate the level of clinical interference. CSRs are scored on a 0-8 scale (0 = not at all; 8 = very, very much). CSRs of 4 or above indicate the clinical levels.

Time frame: Up to 24 weeks

Clinical Global Impression-Severity

Clinician-rated child psychopathology severity rating. A single item is scored 0-6 (0= no illness; 6= extremely severe symptoms).