The primary objectives of the study are to use US and UK data to describe the characteristics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients according to various demographic, lifestyle, clinical, and medication use.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,371,146
Tiotropium bromide + Olodaterol
Sp(t)iolto® Respimat®
AETION inc
New York, New York, United States
Age of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients at the Time of COPD Diagnosis - US
Age of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients at the time of COPD diagnosis from the United States (US) IBM MarketScan was reported by groups stratified according to their COPD diagnosis times (Before versus after the approval of Tiotropium + Olodaterol in 2015).
Time frame: At index date of cohort entry (baseline; time of COPD diagnosis).
Age of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients at the Time of COPD Diagnosis - UK
Age of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients at the time of COPD diagnosis from the the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database was reported by groups stratified according to their COPD diagnosis times (Before versus after the approval of Tiotropium + Olodaterol in 2015).
Time frame: At index date of cohort entry (baseline; time of COPD diagnosis).
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) at the Time of COPD Diagnosis
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was a method of categorizing comorbidities of patients based on the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis. The CCI score ranged from 0 (better outcome) to 21 (worse outcome). The higher the score, the more fragile/ill the patient was.
Time frame: At index date of cohort entry (baseline; time of COPD diagnosis).
Age of Patients Receiving First Maintenance Treatment - US
Age of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of Patients Receiving First Maintenance Treatment - US
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was a method of categorizing comorbidities of patients based on the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis. The CCI score ranged from 0 (better outcome) to 21 (worse outcome). The higher the score, the more fragile/ill the patient was.
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Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Characteristics of Patients Receiving First Maintenance Treatment - US
Characteristics of patients receiving first maintenance treatment among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database were reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Age of Patients Receiving First Maintenance Treatment - UK
Age of patients receiving first maintenance treatment from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Characteristics of Patients Receiving First Maintenance Treatment - UK
Characteristics of patients receiving first maintenance treatment from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database were reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Age of Patients Receiving Second Maintenance Treatment - US
Age of patients receiving second maintenance treatment from the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of Patients Receiving Second Maintenance Treatment - US
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was a method of categorizing comorbidities of patients based on the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis. The CCI score ranged from 0 (better outcome) to 21 (worse outcome). The higher the score, the more fragile/ill the patient was.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Characteristics of Patients Receiving Second Maintenance Treatment - US
Characteristics of patients receiving second maintenance treatment from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy in the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database were reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Age of Patients Receiving Second Maintenance Treatment - UK
Age of patients receiving second maintenance treatment from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Characteristics of Patients Receiving Second Maintenance Treatment - UK
Characteristics of patients receiving second maintenance treatment from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database were reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Number of Participants With Zero Exacerbations in the Year Prior to the Start of First Maintenance Therapy - US
Number of participants with zero exacerbations in the year prior to the start of first maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Number of Participants With Zero Exacerbations in the Year Prior to the Start of First Maintenance Therapy - UK
Number of participants with zero exacerbations in the year prior to the start of first maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the first maintenance treatment
Number of Participants With Zero Exacerbations in the Year Prior to the Start of Second Maintenance Therapy - US
Number of participants with zero exacerbations in the year prior to the start of second maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Number of Participants With Zero Exacerbations in the Year Prior to the Start of Second Maintenance Therapy - UK
Number of participants with zero exacerbations in the year prior to the start of second maintenance therapy among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database was reported.
Time frame: At index date of the second maintenance treatment
Days Between Index and Initiation of First Maintenance Therapy - US
Days between index and initiation of first maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database was reported.
Time frame: From index date until initiation of first maintenance, up to 3368 days before this study started.
Days Between Index and Initiation of First Maintenance Therapy - UK
Days between index and initiation of first maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their first maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database were reported.
Time frame: From index date until initiation of first maintenance therapy, up to 9795 days before this study started.
Days Between First and Second Maintenance Therapy - US
Days between first and second maintenance therapy among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy the United States (US) IBM MarketScan database were reported.
Time frame: From the index date of first maintenance initiation until the initiation of the second maintenance therapy, up to 1020 days before this study started.
Days Between First and Second Maintenance Therapy - UK
Days between first and second maintenance therapy among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients initiated their second maintenance therapy in the United Kingdom (UK) CPRD GOLD database were reported.
Time frame: From the index date of first maintenance initiation until the initiation of the second maintenance therapy, up to 10133 days before this study started.