Cohort Study of Blood Biomarkers for TES

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Athletes and patients with traumatic brain injury * Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old with independent behavior ability or authorized legal representative. * Have a clear history of repetitive mild TBI, concussion or subconcussion. * The most recent head injury occurred 3 months ago. 2. Healthy Volunteers * Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old with independent behavior ability. * No history of repetitive mild TBI, concussion or subconcussion. * Fully understands the nature of the study, and voluntarily participates and signs the informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Athletes and patients with traumatic brain injury * Pregnant or lactating women. * History of other neurological diseases. * History of tumors, hematological diseases, severe cardiopulmonary diseases, hepatic failure or renal failure. * Have participated in clinical trials in the past four weeks. * The investigator believes that not appropriate for inclusion. 2. Healthy Volunteers * Pregnant or lactating women. * History of TBI or other neurological diseases. * History of tumors, hematological diseases, severe cardiopulmonary diseases, hepatic failure or renal failure. * Have participated in clinical trials in the past four weeks. * The investigator believe that not appropriate for inclusion.