Effect of Tub Bathing on Skin and Bilirubin Levels in Infants Undergoing Tunnel and LED of Phototherapy

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa140 enrolled

Overview

The study was conducted as a randomized controlled study to determine effect of tube bathing on skin and bilirubin levels in infants undergoing tunnel and LED of phototherapy. The population of the study consisted of term babies with the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia in Gaziantep Cengiz Gökçek Maternity and Pediatrics Hospital and Kilis State Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) among November 2019-September 2020. The sample size was composed of a total of 140 babies, which were determined according to Power Analysis and met the case selection criteria. Accordingly, Thirty-five babies were randomly assigned to each group (Tunnel Group = experiment and control; LED Group = experiment and control). The babies in the experimental groups were given a tube bath at 6 and 12 hours after phototherapy started. On the other hand, the babies in the control groups were given routine cares in the units. Data were gathered 'Information and Registration Form', Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale (NSRAS) and Neonatal Skin Condition Score (NSCS).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

140

Conditions

Newborn Jaundice

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: FEMALEMin age: 0 DaysMax age: 1 Month

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * The baby is receiving phototherapy due to physiological hyperbilirubinemia, * Being a term newborn, * Monitoring of the LED group in the incubator and the tunnel group in the tunnel phototherapy device, * Parents' consent to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Rh incompatibility between mother and baby, * Finding ABO non-compliance, * Positive direct Coombs test, * Presence of congenital anomaly or syndrome, * Any surgical intervention has been or will be made, * Having any skin lesions, * The need for mechanical ventilation.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Sample size

The sample size was composed of a total of 140 babies, which were determined according to Power Analysis and met the case selection criteria.

Time frame: 1-2 month

Divided groups

Thirty-five babies were randomly assigned to each group (Tunnel Group = experiment and control; LED Group = experiment and control).

Time frame: 1 month

Experiment difining and time

The babies in the experimental groups were given a tube bath at 6 and 12 hours after phototherapy started. On the other hand, the babies in the control groups were given routine cares in the units.

Time frame: 12 month

Measurement

Data were gathered 'Information and Registration Form', Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale (NSRAS) and Neonatal Skin Condition Score (NSCS).

Time frame: First, 6-12-24 hours for each nerwborn

Biochemical measurement

Total serum bilirubin values obtained from patient files.

Time frame: First, 6-12-24 hours for each nerwborn

TSB Findings

When differences regarding decrease in 24-hour total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels were compared in all relevant experimental groups, statistically differences were observed (p˂ .001). In particular, the levels of bilirubin were listed as LED-trial, Tunnel-trial, Tunnel-control and LED-control, respectively. It is worthy to utter herein that the decline in TSB was more notable in bathing groups.

Time frame: 10 month

Skin care findings

Skin integrity and moisture balance were better in bathing groups than control groups, the best was in the Tunnel-experimental group and the worst was in the Tunnel-control group (p˂ .001).