PROACTIVE Parent is an educational program designed to improve parenting skills to more effectively manage child behavior and social and emotional needs in children with depressive symptoms. PROACTIVE Parent (Providing Access To Innovative \& Evidence-Based Intervention) is a new service delivery model that uses telehealth methodology to engage parents in managing their child's mental health needs. PROACTIVE Parent aims to provide parents with information about their child's mental health symptoms and diagnosis, options for evidence-based treatment interventions, and a free, online application for identifying appropriate and accessible treatment options. PROACTIVE Parent is also designed to provide parents a deeper understanding of the function of child behavior, and strategies to promote effective behavior management and healthy coping. Parents will also learn skills to manage their own emotional dysregulation to promote calm parental responding and healthy parent-child interaction and communication. The investigators will assess the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of a 10-week curriculum. Outcomes include parent reports of acceptability, utility, feasibility of program elements, and the preliminary effectiveness of the program in improving parent activation, parent empowerment, parent emotion dysregulation, and reducing child mental health and behavioral symptoms, and barriers to treatment participation.
PROACTIVE Parent is an educational program designed to improve parent knowledge, capacity and confidence to more effectively manage child behavior and social and emotional needs in children with depressive symptoms. PROACTIVE Parent (Providing Access To Innovative \& Evidence-Based Intervention) is a new service delivery model that uses telehealth methodology to educate parents about their child's mental health (MH) symptoms and treatment, teach parents skills to promote a safe, regulated environment for their youth, and teach parents how to work with their child's therapists to support treatment goals at home and in the community. PROACTIVE Parent will teach parents the function of child behavior, the role of symptomatology in child behaviors, and strategies to promote effective behavior management and healthy coping. Parents will also learn skills to manage their own emotional dysregulation to promote calm parental responding and promote healthy parent-child interaction and communication. The PROACTIVE Parent model is ideally suited to promote parent's active management of child MH care. Children depend on parents to navigate a complex system of care and support children's coping in the home and community. However, parents may not know how to navigate appropriate treatments, how to communicate with their child's therapist to support treatment goals in the home, or how to interact with their child in a way that supports positive mental health outcomes. These parents require a service model that builds parent capacity to manage their child's MH care. The conceptual framework for the proposed work draws on the concept of parent activation and engagement in their child's MH care, and regulating affect. Activation refers to the parent's knowledge, capacity, and commitment to manage their child's MH care. Engagement refers to actions parents take to manage their child's care. Emotion regulation skills help parents to manage their affect, to engage in calm responding to children's needs and assist children in regulating affect. PROACTIVE Parent is delivered in weekly 30-minute telehealth coaching sessions over the course of 10 weeks. Parent coaches use motivational interviewing and psychoeducation to improve parent activation and management of their child's MH care. Parent coaches provide parent-training and evidence-based skills training to promote effective parent behavior, healthy coping, and positive parent-child interaction. The parent coach will deliver the PROACTIVE Parent model via telehealth with supplemental online resources, using a publically available service referral system to connect parents to evidence-based treatments and MH providers if needed. The investigators will recruit Foster Parents of youth in care aged 8 - 13 years, with symptoms or history of depression to examine acceptability, feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the PROACTIVE Parent program. The Aims of this project include an open trial, and exploration of the relationship between parent activation and youth MH outcomes. Aim 1: Conduct a pilot study to test acceptability, utility, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness. The primary outcomes include: 1) Acceptability, 2) Usefulness, and 3) Feasibility (all measured by post-session questions and post-intervention Customer Satisfaction Survey; Feasibility will also include number of people referred who meet eligibility, number of parents who enroll after referral, time to complete assessments). Aim 2: Assess the preliminary effectiveness of the model to improve parent activation, and empowerment. Aim 3: Assess the preliminary effectiveness to reduce the number, severity, and frequency of child MH symptoms and maladaptive behaviors. Aim 4: Assess preliminary effectiveness of improving parent scores on the DERS and barriers to treatment participation. If the PROACTIVE Parent model demonstrates feasibility and effectiveness, it could serve as a model for scaling up to a population-based approach to MH treatment for all children.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
PROACTIVE Parent will educate parents about their child's mental health symptoms and treatment, how to talk to the child's therapist to support treatment goals at home and in the community. PROACTIVE Parent will teach parents the function of child behavior, the role of symptomatology in child behaviors, and strategies to promote effective behavior management and healthy coping. Parents will also learn skills to manage their own emotional dysregulation to promote calm parental responding and promote healthy parent-child interaction and communication.
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Client Satisfaction Questionnaire
The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) is an 8-item scale with response options ranging from 1 - 4. Total scores range from 8 -32. Higher scores indicate higher satisfaction. Assesses the extent to which parents found the intervention helpful, relevant, feasible, and effective.
Time frame: baseline
Client Satisfaction Questionnaire
The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) is an 8-item scale with response options ranging from 1 - 4. Total scores range from 8 -32. Higher scores indicate higher satisfaction. Assesses the extent to which parents found the intervention helpful, relevant, feasible, and effective.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Parent-Patient Activation Measure - Mental Health
The Parent-Patient Activation Measure - Mental Health measures parent activation, defined as the knowledge, ability, and confidence to manage their child's mental health care. It consists of 13 items on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1-4. Item scores are summed for a total composite score ranging from 13 -52. Composite scores are linearly transformed into scores ranging from 0 - 100. Higher scores indicate higher activation in managing their child's mental health care.
Time frame: baseline
Parent-Patient Activation Measure - Mental Health
The Parent-Patient Activation Measure - Mental Health measures parent activation, defined as the knowledge, ability, and confidence to manage their child's mental health care. It consists of 13 items on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1-4. Item scores are summed for a total composite score ranging from 13 -52. Composite scores are linearly transformed into scores ranging from 0 - 100. Higher scores indicate higher activation in managing their child's mental health care.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Family Empowerment Scale
The Family Empowerment Scale consists of 34-items and 3 subscales (1. Family, 2. Mental health services, 3. Community) designed to assess a parent's sense of empowerment in families of children with an emotional disorder. Response options range from 1 (not true at all) - 5 (very true). Total scores range from 34 - 170, with higher scores indicating higher levels of empowerment.
Time frame: baseline
Family Empowerment Scale
The Family Empowerment Scale consists of 34-items and 3 subscales (1. Family, 2. Mental health services, 3. Community) designed to assess a parent's sense of empowerment in families of children with an emotional disorder. Response options range from 1 (not true at all) - 5 (very true). Total scores range from 34 - 170, with higher scores indicating higher levels of empowerment.
Time frame: 11 weeks
PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a (PROMIS Anxiety)
The PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a is an 8-item measure that assesses symptoms of fear, anxious misery, hyperarousal, and somatic symptoms related to arousal among pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old. It is a parent report with response options that range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Total scores range from 8 -40 with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety.
Time frame: baseline
PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a (PROMIS Anxiety)
The PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a is an 8-item measure that assesses symptoms of fear, anxious misery, hyperarousal, and somatic symptoms related to arousal among pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old. It is a parent report with response options that range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Total scores range from 8 -40 with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety.
Time frame: 11 weeks
PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a (PROMIS Depressive)
The PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a is an 8-item measures that assesses negative mood and views of self, social cognition, and decreased positive affect and engagement among pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old. It is a parent-report and response options range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Total scores range from 8 - 40 with higher scores indicating higher levels of depressive symptomatology.
Time frame: baseline
PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a (PROMIS Depressive)
The PROMIS Parent-Proxy Pediatric Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a is an 8-item measures that assesses negative mood and views of self, social cognition, and decreased positive affect and engagement among pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old. It is a parent-report and response options range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Total scores range from 8 - 40 with higher scores indicating higher levels of depressive symptomatology.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Pediatric Symptom Checklist - 17 (PSC-17)
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The Pediatric Symptom Checklist - 17 (PSC-17) is a 17-item measures that assesses child psychosocial function associated with internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems in children aged 5- to 17-years old. The parent report version will be used. Response options range from 0 (Never) - 2 (Often). Total scores range from 0 - 51; Scores on the Internalizing subscale range from 0 - 15, Scores on the Attention subscale range from 0 - 15, Scores on the Externalizing subscale range from 0 - 35. Higher scores indicate higher levels of symptomatology.
Time frame: baseline
Pediatric Symptom Checklist - 17 (PSC-17)
The Pediatric Symptom Checklist - 17 (PSC-17) is a 17-item measures that assesses child psychosocial function associated with internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems in children aged 5- to 17-years old. The parent report version will be used. Response options range from 0 (Never) - 2 (Often). Total scores range from 0 - 51; Scores on the Internalizing subscale range from 0 - 15, Scores on the Attention subscale range from 0 - 15, Scores on the Externalizing subscale range from 0 - 35. Higher scores indicate higher levels of symptomatology.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale; subscales I - IV
The Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale consists of 44 items and 4 subscales. The subscales include: I. Stressors (20 items; Response options 1 (never a problem) -5 (very often a problem)); II. Tx Demands (10 items; Response options 1-5); III Relevance (8 items; Response options: 1-5); IV Relationship (6 items; 1 -5); Total scores for the subscales with continuous response options range from 44- 220, With higher scores indicating higher barriers to treatment participation.
Time frame: baseline
Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale; subscale V
The Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale consists of a fifth subscale, Critical Events (14 items; scored yes/no). Measures the extent to which the parent experienced barriers to their child participating in treatment, and specific types of barriers to treatment.
Time frame: baseline
Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale; subscales I - IV
The Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale consists of 44 items and 4 subscales. The subscales include: I. Stressors (20 items; Response options 1 (never a problem) -5 (very often a problem)); II. Tx Demands (10 items; Response options 1-5); III Relevance (8 items; Response Options: 1-5); IV Relationship (6 items; 1 -5); Total scores for the subscales with continuous response options range from 44- 220, With higher scores indicating higher barriers to treatment participation.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale; subscale V
The Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale consists of a fifth subscale, Critical Events (14 items; scored yes/no). Measures the extent to which the parent experienced barriers to their child participating in treatment, and specific types of barriers to treatment.
Time frame: 11 weeks
Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)
Measures four aspects of parental emotion regulation: (a) awareness and understanding of emotions; (b) acceptance of emotions; (c) the ability to control impulses and behave in accordance with goals in the presence of negative affect; and (d) access to emotion.
Time frame: baseline
Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)
Measures four aspects of parental emotion regulation: (a) awareness and understanding of emotions; (b) acceptance of emotions; (c) the ability to control impulses and behave in accordance with goals in the presence of negative affect; and (d) access to emotion.
Time frame: 11 weeks