The objective of this study is to evaluate implementation of diagnostic stewardship programs as a strategy to safely reduce antibiotic use, and to generate evidence and tools to support dissemination of diagnostic stewardship programs to a large and diverse group of hospitals.
The Bright STAR Collaborative, or Testing STewardship to reduce Antibiotic Resistance Collaborative, is a prospective multicenter quality improvement (QI) program with the goal of implementing diagnostic stewardship interventions to reduce bacterial culture use as a strategy to reduce antibiotic overuse. Investigators will use data collected by participating sites to determine whether reliable implementation of clinical practice guidelines for evaluation of patients can decrease antibiotic use in pediatric intensive care units. Investigators will perform a quasi-experimental study to compare outcome data in pre- and post- periods. Greater than or equal to 10 institutions will participate in this collaborative. Participating institutions will develop and implement an evidenced-based clinical decision-making tool as part of their quality improvement (QI) program in their pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Specific Aim 1: Evaluate whether locally devised quality improvement programs focused on diagnostic stewardship of respiratory cultures lead to a reduction in respiratory cultures and antibiotic use. Specific Aim 2: To determine whether these quality improvement initiatives are associated with unintended consequence of patient harm such as mortality, length of stay, readmissions, ventilator associated infections, sepsis and septic shock. Variables: total respiratory culture rates, culture results, ICU length of stay, mortality rates, hospital and ICU readmission, cause of death, ventilator-associated infection/ventilator-associated condition rate, sepsis, septic shock. Analysis: The analytic approach equates to estimating and comparing the respiratory culture incidence during the "baseline/pre-implementation" and "post-implementation" periods, using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) assuming a Poisson distribution for the monthly number of respiratory cultures with the monthly number of ventilator days as an offset. Similar analyses will be performed for secondary outcomes.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
15
Johns Hopkins Children's Center
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Boston Children's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Children's Minnesota Hospital
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Children's Hospital and Medical Center Omaha
Respiratory Culture Rate
Rate of endotracheal aspirate cultures; Change in respiratory cultures per 100 ventilator-days per month
Time frame: up to 42 months
Broad spectrum antibiotic use for ICU days >2 days
Over all use of broad spectrum antibiotics; Total antibiotic days per 1,000 patient days per quarter
Time frame: up to 42 months
New initiations - Broad spectrum antibiotic use for ICU days >2 days
Antibiotic days per 1,000 patient-days per month (antibiotic days starting on day 3 of ICU admission)
Time frame: up to 42 months
Mortality
Death per hospital total ICU admissions comparing pre and post-intervention periods
Time frame: up to 42 months
Length of ICU stay
Days in ICU; median number of days comparing pre and post-intervention periods
Time frame: up to 42 months
ICU readmission
Readmission to the ICU within 7 days of discharge. The coordinating center will measure the change in rate of readmission per total ICU admissions comparing pre and post-intervention periods
Time frame: up to 42 months
Hospital readmission
Readmission to hospital within 7 days of discharge. The coordinating center will measure the change in rate of hospital readmission comparing pre and post-intervention periods
Time frame: up to 42 months
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Le Bonheur Children's Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Dell Children's Medical Center
Austin, Texas, United States
ventilator associated infections
Defined by the following: Rate of ventilator associated infections episodes per 100 ventilator-days per month
Time frame: up to 42 months
Sepsis
defined by the following: International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes ; Admissions with ICD-10 coded sepsis per total ICU admissions
Time frame: up to 42 months
Septic shock
Defined by the following: ICD-10 codes; Admissions with ICD-10 coded septic shock per total ICU admissions
Time frame: up to 42 months