A Cohort Study of Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases

This study includes 9 disease-specific cohorts. The specific inclusion and exclusion criteria are as following: 1. Refractory and secondary hypertension Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as refractory hypertension and/or secondary hypertension * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients 2. Coronary heart disease Inclusion Criteria: * Patients undergoing coronary angiography and interventional therapy in the cath lab * Patients undergoing coronary angiography and functional assessment in the cath lab * Patients diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients * Regular return visits not available 3. Atrial fibrillation Inclusion Criteria: * PAtrial fibrillation diagnosed by electrocardiogram or holter (duration \>30 seconds) * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients * New-onset atrial fibrillation during the perioperative period of major surgery 4. Ventricular arrhythmias Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular premature beat * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients * A transient cause of ventricular arrhythmia was determined by the doctor, and long-term follow-up was not required 5. Cardiac pacemaker implantation Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with permanent pacemaker implantations due to various causes (including bradycardia pacing, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, leadless cardiac pacemaker, etc.) * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients 6. Structural heart disease Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as structural heart disease, including congenital heart disease and severe valvular disease (moderate and above valvular stenosis or incomplete closure) * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients 7. Pulmonary hypertension Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as pulmonary hypertension * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients 8. Heart failure Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as heart failure * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients 9. Rare diseases of the cardiovascular system Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed as rare diseases in the catalog published by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China * Patients willing to accept long-term follow-up and regular return visits Exclusion Criteria: * Severe diseases of other systems may affecting the life span of patients