Currently, Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) has two treatment options: hysterectomy (completely removing the uterus) and partial myometrial resection (resecting the part of the uterus affected by this pathology). The present study is a feasibility study of a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial to be carried out in 3 health institutions. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria, after signing the informed consent, will be taken to the surgical procedure and before the start of the procedure they will be randomized to one of the two interventions, hysterectomy or partial myometrial resection, intra-surgical clinical outcomes will be explored and a follow-up will be carried out during the immediate post-surgical period (72 hours), in 7 to 12 days and at 42 days postpartum. A sample size of 60 patients is estimated among the 3 health institutions, with an approximate duration of the study of 24 months.
Placenta accreta spectrum is a serious condition associated with significant maternal morbidity and even mortality. The recommended treatment is hysterectomy. An alternative is 1-step conservative surgery, which involves the en bloc resection of the myometrium affected by placenta accreta spectrum along with the placenta, followed by uterine reconstruction. Currently, there are no studies comparing the 2 techniques in the setting of a randomized controlled trial. We performed a prospectively registered multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing hysterectomy with 1-step conservative surgery. The aim was to collect feasibility and clinical outcomes of the 2 techniques in women assigned to hysterectomy or 1step conservative surgery. In addition to assessing participants' willingness to be randomized, we also collected data on intraoperative blood loss, transfusion requirement, serious adverse event, and other clinical outcomes. Sixty women with strong antenatal suspicion of placenta accreta spectrum were assigned randomly to either hysterectomy (n=31) or 1-step conservative surgery (n=29).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
Hysterectomy: An incision will be made above the level of the placenta, delivering the newborn. Uterotonics will be administered, and spontaneous delivery of the placenta will be awaited using gentle traction. The absence of spontaneous separation of the placenta will confirm the diagnosis of PAS, the patient will undergo to hysterectomy. The complete removal of the uterus will be attempted, including the cervix, the duration of the intervention and intraoperative blood loss will be recorded, as well as the damage to organs neighboring the uterus. In this arm of the study, to hysterectomy will be performed in 100% of patients
Partial myometrial resection: The technique described by Palacios-Jaraquemada et al5. will be followed. Briefly, the uterus will be dissected to free it from the posterior wall of the bladder to the cervix. The vesico-uterine vessels will be ligated and the parametrial space will be visualized. The hysterotomy will be performed in the upper segment, immediately above the area of invasion of the myometrium. The entire invaded myometrium and the entire placenta will be removed. The uterus will repair itself in one or two layers. Intrauterine balloon tamponade will be used if indicated.
Fundación Valle del Lili
Cali, Colombia
Feasibility: Proportion of Eligible Patients Who Agree to Participate in the Study.
Number of patients who agree to participate, out of the total number of eligible patients
Time frame: 6 weeks
Screening Failure Percentage
Percentage of patients who entered the study but did not present macroscopic findings of placenta accreta spectrum during laparotomy.
Time frame: During surgery
Percentage of Patients With Crossover Between Assigned Study Arms.
All patients had been randomized before surgery to a certain procedure; however, after performing intraoperative staging, it was identified that some women did not have signs of PAS (7 patients with false positive prenatal diagnosis, randomized to hysterectomy), so they were managed with OSCS, and that some women did not meet the criteria to perform OSCS (9 patients randomized to OSCS), so they were managed with hysterectomy;
Time frame: During surgery
Number of Participants Who Completed the Follow-up Evaluation.
Number of participants who completed follow-up at 42 days postpartum
Time frame: 42 days postpartum
Maternal Death
Number of maternal deaths during the study period
Time frame: 6 weeks
Intra-surgical Bleeding Volume
Surgical bleeding calculated in milliliters
Time frame: During surgery
Blood Component Transfusion Requirement
If during hospitalization the patient required transfusion of some type of blood component
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Median Transfusion of Red Blood Cell Units (RBCU)
Median number of units of red blood cells transfused
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Number of Patients Who Met at Least 1 Near Miss Criterion
Situation or indicator that almost led to a serious adverse event but did not actually result in harm. For this study, the event was cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation.
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Number of Patients Who Had Bladder Injuries
Number of patients who had intraoperative bladder injuries.
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Number of Patients Who Need Surgical Reoperation.
Number of patients who need surgical reoperation after index surgery
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Number of Patients Who Were Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.
Number of patients that required management in the Intensive Care Unit
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
Number of Days of Postoperative Hospital Stay.
Number of days of hospital stay after index surgery
Time frame: Up to 42 days postpartum
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