Clinical Evaluation of Bonded Versus Banded Space Maintainers

Inclusion criteria: Patient and parent showing cooperation and compliance. Medically free children. Patients having mandibular first deciduous molar indicated for extraction due to extensive coronal caries beyond possible repair, root caries and/or failed pulp therapy. Having all first permanent molars erupted and in Class I molar relation. According to space analysis available space is less than or equal to needed space. Having all their mandibular incisors erupted. With deciduous canines and second deciduous molars in the side of the extraction maintained throughout the entire follow-up period. Caries free, non-restored buccal surfaces of the mandibular second primary molars and deciduous canines. 1/3 to less than 2/3 of the root of the permanent successor is formed to the prematurely lost primary molars. Exclusion criteria: Children with any parafunctional habits. Children with previous allergies to stainless steel. Crowned abutment teeth. Permanent successors with 2/3 of its roots formed and space analysis does not indicate the fabrication of space maintainer.