The reasons such as the advanced age of most patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), the presence of concomitant diseases, and bilateral prostheses cause a decrease in the quality of life by negatively affecting the healing processes of the patients. Patients who try to adapt to the problems experienced during postoperative recovery need the information to develop coping behaviors. Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring adequate and effective access of information to the patient during this challenging process, which significantly affects mobility and, consequently, life activities. Effective educational interventions to be implemented by nurses enable patients to make decisions about health problems and act to improve their quality of life. However, for patient education to be efficient, the information given must be easy to read, understandable, and suitable for various learning styles to cope with problems more effectively. Still, individuals with low health literacy have problems benefiting from all services provided, exceptionally patient education, at the desired level.
Patients with TKA face many problems in the early postoperative period and home processes after discharge. In this process, the instruction that will be given by nurses as a part of the care is critical. Patient education will contribute to less stress for patients, effective participation in their care, and more minor problems in the recovery process at home after discharge and increase positive patient outcomes. However, for the teaching to be effective, nurses must first determine the health literacy levels of individuals. When initiatives are planned following the level of health literacy, it is thought that individuals' adaptation to the duration of their health will increase, the process will progress effectively, the recovery will be positively affected, and the quality of life will increase. Accordingly, this study was conducted to examine the effect of the curriculum prepared according to patients' health literacy levels with TKA on the healing process and quality of life. Research hypotheses: H1a- Patient education, which is planned according to health literacy levels, positively affects patients' quality of life. H1b- Patient education, which is planned according to health literacy levels, reduces patients' problems on the 15th day after surgery. H1c- Patient education, which is planned according to health literacy levels, reduces patients' problems in the 6th week after surgery. H1d- Patient education, which is planned according to health literacy levels, affects the postoperative improvement in functional status in patients. Study Design: A control group intervention research. Method: 102 patients, 51 experimental groups, and 51 control groups participated in the study. The sample was chosen randomly from the universe by the researcher. From the patients hospitalized in the clinic and matching the research criteria, the control group was determined by random method according to the order of the patients, and their data were collected. Then, the intervention group data were obtained, paying attention to the similarity of the groups in terms of education, age, and gender. In the study, the education plan prepared in line with the control group data was applied to the intervention group, and its effects on the healing processes were observed. Data were collected with Patient Introduction, Patient Learning Requirements, Functional Evaluation, Turkey Health Literacy, Discharge Data Collection, Post-Discharge 15th and Sixth Week Recovery Process Data Collection, Quality of Life Forms.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
102
The education was divided into three parts. The information in the first part of the booklet (general information, preoperative preparation, and operation day) is given in the preoperative period. In the postoperative period, the patients were visited and the information in the second part (postoperative hospital stay, first, second, and third-day goals after surgery) was given. Before the patients were discharged, the information in the third section (things to be considered in the recovery process at home) was presented. According to the physical conditions of the clinic, patient education was carried out in an area suitable for teaching as much as possible.
Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital
Ankara, Altındag, Turkey (Türkiye)
The Quality of Life Scale Change (SF-36)
The Quality of Life Scale (SF-36), one of the most used scales to measure quality of life; It is a self-assessment scale that can be filled in a short time and is highly sensitive.While applying the scale, individuals are asked to answer considering the last 4 weeks. The scale consists of 36 questions and 8 sub-parameters (body pain, limitation due to physical problems, limitation due to mental problems, mental well-being, fatigue, general health perception, social function and physical function). In scoring, each parameter is evaluated between 0 and 100 points. A score of 0 indicates poor health, and a score of 100 indicates good health. The higher the score, the higher the quality of life.
Time frame: 1st day of admission to the clinic change the quality of life score at before intervention, change from baseline the quality of lıfe score at 3 days, change from baseline the quality of life score at 6 weeks
The Function Evaluation Form Change
The Functional Evaluation Form was developed to determine the functional status of patients who had TKA surgery and hip replacement surgery. The form consists of 8 sections and each section is scored within itself. The highest possible score is 100. The increase in score indicates the improvement in the functional status.
Time frame: 1st day of admission to the clinic change the function evaluation score at before intervention, change from baseline the function evaluation score at 3 days, change from baseline the function evaluation score at 6 weeks
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