Calorie-restricted(CR) diet and exercise were effective to reduce Metabolic syndrome(MetS), however, its effect on knee functions for MetS patients with degenerate meniscus lesions(DMLs) was still poorly investigated.
The CR diet and exercise group received a balanced diet with an energy consists carbohydrates 45-65%; fat 20-35%; and protein 10- 35% and a deficit of 600 kcal/day from their daily energy requirement. Total daily energy intake of 1200-2000 kcal/day were based on baseline weight, and for safety, no woman was provided with less than 1100 kcals/d and no man less than 1300 kcals/d. The energy of the intake calorie restricted diet per day was calculated based on the detailed composition of meals, such as rice, vegetables, eggs, pork, and beef, using the Chinese food composition tables. Our diets were cooked with traditional Chinese cooking methods such as boiling, stir-frying, and stewing. During the intervention, other lipid-lowering drugs were not allowed to intake supplement as it alters the outcome. Participants receive education or counseling by a dietitian for modulations of their caloric intake weekly. The exercise intervention included aerobic exercises and resistance exercise, flexibility exercises about 150 minutes for ≥2 d/week for 6 months. The aerobic exercises included walking on a treadmill, stationary cycling for at least 30 minutes for≥2 d/week. Resistance exercises included nine upper-extremity and lower-extremity exercise with weighting lift machines for ≥2 d/week, while, flexibility exercise including the major muscle-tendon groups (a total of 60 s per exercise) for ≥2 d/week. Participants performed 1 or 2 sets with 8-12 repetitions of each exercise. The exercise sessions were monitored by telephone video. Patients who complete at least 80% of diet restriction and exercise were included in analysis. Calorie restricted diet and exercise group contain both the above intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
86
The CR diet and exercise group received a balanced diet with an energy consists carbohydrates 45-65%; fat 20-35%; and protein 10- 35% and a deficit of 600 kcal/day from their daily energy requirement.The exercise intervention consists of aerobic exercises and resistance exercise, flexibility exercises about 150 minutes for≥2 d•wk for six months. The aerobic exercises included walking on a treadmill, stationary cycling for at least 30 minutes for≥2 d•wk, while, resistance exercises included nine upper-extremity and lower-extremity exercise with weighting lift machines for ≥2 d•wk, while, flexibility exercise including the major muscle-tendon groups (a total of 60 s per exercise) for ≥2 d•wk. Participants performed 1 or 2 sets with 8-12 repetitions of each exercise. The exercise sessions were monitored by telephone video.
In exercise alone group, participants then underwent their usual habitual dietary diet and the above exercise intervention during the program.
First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University
Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score change
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) holds five subscales including: Pain (9 items); other Symptoms (7 items); Activities of Daily Living (ADL, 17 items); Sport and Recreation function (Sport/Rec, 5 items); and knee-related Quality of Life (QoL, 4 items). Each subscale is scored separately from zero (extreme knee problems) to 100 (no knee problems)
Time frame: Change from Baseline KOOS at 6 months
The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation score change
The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC) score questionnaire contains 18 items (7 items for symptoms, 1 item for sport activity, 9 items for daily activities, and 1 item for current knee function.) The total score is transformed to a value on a scale of 0 to 100, with 100 representing the highest knee function and 0 is the worst.
Time frame: Change from Baseline IKDC at 6 months
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score change
The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) holds five subscales including: Pain (9 items); other Symptoms (7 items); Activities of Daily Living (ADL, 17 items); Sport and Recreation function (Sport/Rec, 5 items); and knee-related Quality of Life (QoL, 4 items). Each subscale is scored separately from zero (extreme knee problems) to 100 (no knee problems)
Time frame: Change from Baseline KOOS at 12 months
The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation score change
The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC) score questionnaire contains 18 items (7 items for symptoms, 1 item for sport activity, 9 items for daily activities, and 1 item for current knee function.) The total score is transformed to a value on a scale of 0 to 100, with 100 representing the highest knee function and 0 is the worst.
Time frame: Change from Baseline IKDC at 12 months
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subscales of KOOS pain score change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life.The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline pain at 6 months
subscales of KOOS pain score change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life.The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline pain at 12 months
subscales of KOOS symptoms score change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline symptoms at 6 months
subscales of KOOS symptoms score change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline symptoms at 12 months
KOOS activity of daily living change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline activity of daily living at 6 months
KOOS activity of daily living change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline activity of daily living at 12 months
sport and recreational function change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline sport and recreational function at 6 months
sport and recreational function change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline sport and recreational function at 12 months
knee related quality of life change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline knee related quality of life at 6 months
knee related quality of life change
Secondary outcomes include five subscales of the KOOS covered pain, symptoms, activity of daily living, sport and recreational function, and knee related quality of life. The minimum is 0 points, the maximum is 4 points. After the score of each part is calculated separately, it is converted into a percentage score by the conversion formula.
Time frame: Change from Baseline knee related quality of life at 12 months
systolic blood pressure change
systolic blood pressure /mmHg
Time frame: Change from Baseline systolic blood pressure at 6 months
systolic blood pressure change
systolic blood pressure /mmHg
Time frame: Change from Baseline systolic blood pressure at 12 months
diastolic blood pressure change
diastolic blood pressure/mmHg
Time frame: Change from Baseline diastolic blood pressure at 6 months
diastolic blood pressure change
diastolic blood pressure/mmHg
Time frame: Change from Baseline diastolic blood pressure at 12 months
body mass index change
body mass index /kg/㎡
Time frame: Change from Baseline body mass index at 6 months
body mass index change
body mass index /kg/㎡
Time frame: Change from Baseline body mass index at 12 months
weight change
Weight-kg
Time frame: Change from Baseline weight at 6 months
weight change
Weight-kg
Time frame: Change from Baseline weight at 12 months
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol change
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 months
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol change
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 12 months
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol change
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 months
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol change
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 12 months
triglycerides change
triglycerides (mmol/l)
Time frame: Change from Baseline triglycerides at 6 months
triglycerides change
triglycerides (mmol/l)
Time frame: Change from Baseline triglycerides at 12 months
total cholesterol change
total cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline total cholesterol at 6 months
total cholesterol change
total cholesterol (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline total cholesterol at 12 months
fast blood glucose change
fast blood glucose (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline fast blood glucose at 6 months
fast blood glucose change
fast blood glucose (mmol/L)
Time frame: Change from Baseline fast blood glucose at 12 months
waist circumstance change
waist circumstance (cm)
Time frame: Change from Baseline waist circumstance at 6 months
waist circumstance change
waist circumstance (cm)
Time frame: Change from Baseline waist circumstance at 12 months