Replication of the GRADE Diabetes Trial in Healthcare Claims Data

Inclusion Criteria: * Age greater or equal than 30: days \[0,0\] * Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes: days \[- All Data, 0\] * 2+ recorded HbA1c levels: days \[-365,0\] * Metformin use: days \[-30, 0\] Exclusion Criteria: * Type 1 or Secondary DM: days \[-All Data, 0\] * Previous organ transplant: days \[-All Data, 0\] * HIV/AIDS: days \[-All Data, 0\] * History of bariatric surgery: days \[-All Data, 0\] * Congestive heart failure: days \[-All Data, 0\] * NYHA \>=3: days \[-All Data, 0\] * Pancreatitis: days \[-All Data, 0\] * Medullary thyroid cancer/MEN-2: days \[-All Data, 0\] * History of MI: days \[-365, 0\] * Stroke: days \[-365, 0\] * Coronary Revascularization: days \[-365, 0\] * PTCA/Stenting/CABG: days \[-365, 0\] * Trans myocardial revascularization: days \[-365, 0\] * Carotid bypass: days \[-365, 0\] * Cerebrovascular revascularization: days \[-365, 0\] * PVD: days \[-365, 0\] * CCI \>=10: days \[-365, 0\] * History of cancer, other than non-melanoma skin cancer: days \[-1,825, 0\] * Treatment of metformin more than 10 years: days \[-3,650, 0\] * Treatment with any diabetes drug other than metformin; PCOS; symptomatic hyperglycemia; pregnancy; gestational diabetes: days \[-180, 0\] * History of hemolytic anemia; history of severe liver disease; current alcoholism; chronic transfusion requirement; ESRD: days \[-180, 0\] * Oral, IV, or IM cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisone, or dexamethasone: days \[-90, 0\] * Treatment with atypical antipsychotics, language barriers, nursing home, or missing age or gender: days {-180, 0\] * Hospitalization with length of stay \>3 days: days \[-30, 0\]