A Study to Evaluate Safety and Preliminary Anti-tumor Activity of Debio 0123 as Monotherapy in Adult Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors

Inclusion Criteria: * Part 1 dose escalation only: * Histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. * Measurable or non-measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 criteria. * Disease progression under or following standard therapy and/or disease for which no available standard therapy of proven benefit. * Part 2 expansion only: * Measurable disease per RECIST version 1.1 criteria for each arm. * Participants (≥18 years old) who progressed or have recurrence of one of the tumor types specified in the study arms following standard therapy according to RECIST version 1.1, or for whom, in the opinion of the Investigator, no effective standard therapy exists. * Arm A: Histologically or cytologically confirmed USC that recurred or progressed following at least 1 prior platinum-based line of therapy for management of advanced or metastatic disease. * Arm B: Histologically or cytologically confirmed, recurrent, high-grade EOC, primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian tube cancer with cyclin E1 driven selection. Participants must have progressed after at least 1 prior platinum-based therapy for advanced/metastatic disease. * Arm C: Histologically or cytologically confirmed, locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor with biomarker-driven selection. * Part 1 dose escalation and Part 2 expansion: * Accessible tumor for biopsy, and participant willing to undergo tumor biopsy unless archived tumor sample is available. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0-1. * Life expectancy of at least 3 months, in the best judgment of the Investigator. * Adequate bone marrow, liver biochemistry, renal function, and coagulation status. * Willing to practice highly effective methods of contraception. * Willingness and ability to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plans, laboratory tests, and other study procedures. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants with active second malignancies requiring therapy in the last 6 months, with the exception of superficial bladder cancers, ductal carcinoma in situ or other carcinomas in situ, and non-melanoma non-melanoma skin cancers (basal cell/squamous cell skin cancer) that have been treated surgically. * Current use of an investigational agent or a medical device. * Major surgery ≤4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment or who have not recovered from the surgical procedure. * Brain tumors and/or brain metastases unless they are asymptomatic, stable on recent imaging (not dated more than 28 days from the inclusion date), and have not required active treatment in the last month before study entry. * History of myocardial infarction or stroke within 6 months, congestive heart failure greater than New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II, unstable angina pectoris, unexplained recurrent syncope, cardiac arrhythmia requiring treatment, family history of sudden death from cardiac-related causes before the age of 50, or any cardiotoxicity experienced after previous chemotherapy. * Known infection requiring systemic use of an antibiotic or antiviral agent. * Immunization with live or live-attenuated vaccine within 28 days prior to study inclusion or planned injection of live or live-attenuated vaccines. * Pregnancy or breast-feeding. * Inability or unwillingness to swallow oral medication. * Clinically significant gastrointestinal abnormality that would affect the absorption of the drug. * Any anti-cancer treatment, monoclonal antibodies/biologics, investigational treatment, or radiotherapy with curative intent within 28 days prior to starting study treatment. Palliative radiation for pain relief is allowed up to 1 week prior to starting study treatment. * Unresolved AEs or toxicities due to previous treatments, i.e., \>Grade 1. Exceptions will be made for Grade 2 anemia (if hemoglobin is not less than 9 g/dL or 5.6 mmol/L) and \>Grade 2 alopecia and endocrinopathies controlled by replacement therapy (example, hypothyroidism due to immune checkpoint inhibitors). \[Note: Other inclusion/exclusion criteria mentioned in the protocol may apply.\]