Basketball is an impact, coordination-opposition sport with continuous contact among players and it is considered a sport of medium-high injury incidence. Players are force to have a physical condition appropriate to their practice and the demand to which they must respond due to the intensity of the efforts this sport requires. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to establish an evaluation protocol that allows the detection of functional deficiencies, to guide and conduct in a specific and early way every moment of players' health and growth. The purpose of this study is to design, apply and analyze the effectiveness of a specific and individualized therapeutic exercise program (Basketball Pre-injury Attack) based on the approach of the functional deficiencies detected by the Basketball Injury Defense, to reduce the susceptibility to injury of youth basketball players (U14 - U17).
The aim of this study is to design, apply and analyze the effectiveness of a specific and individualized therapeutic exercise program (Basketball Pre-injury Attack) based on the approach of functional deficiencies detected by the Basketball Injury Defense, to reduce the susceptibility to injury of training federated basketball players. The specific objectives are: To improve the deficiencies detected in mobility, stability, symmetry and jumping/landing technique of basketball players in training categories (U14, U16 and U17). To structure and determine the contents of a specific and individualized therapeutic exercise program (Basketball Preinjury Attack) designed to improve the functional deficiencies of mobility, stability, symmetry and jumping/landing technique of training basketball players based on current scientific evidence. To analyze whether adherence to the program is achieved by raising players' awareness of the importance and benefits of performing the exercises with correct technique. To assess whether a decrease in the susceptibility to injury of training federated basketball players is achieved. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted as a single-blind, randomized, cluster-controlled clinical trial during the months of June 2019 to February 2020 (9 months). For the development of the methodology of this study, the guidelines of the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Statement were followed.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
212
The intervention had a total duration of 24 weeks, with 3 sessions per week (before starting training) with a total duration of 12 to 15 minutes per session. Each session consisted of 8 exercises with a load of 2 to 3 series between 6 and 12 repetitions; and with a rest at the end of each series of \<60 seconds.
Federación Catalana de Baloncesto
Barcelona, Spain
Ankle dorsiflexion under load
The Weight-bearing Lunge Test measured with the Leg Motion® system (Check Your Motion, Albacete) was used. Ankle dorsiflexion was recorded in centimeters.
Time frame: 1 year
Active hip, knee and ankle dorsiflexion
The Hurdle Step Test measured with the Leg Motion® system (Check Your Motion, Albacete) was used. A frontal and sagittal view was recorded with two filming devices so that the results could be analyzed later. Impairment was considered in those cases in which the subject was not able to step the foot over the rope during the hurdle step or if he/she performed adduction, internal or external rotation of the hip, and lost alignment between the hip, knee and ankle.
Time frame: 1 year
Ankle stability in monopodal loading
The Single Leg Squat Test was used and the criteria established by Perrot were used: it was considered stable if the foot remained in neutral position during the movement; and unstable if excessive pronation of the foot was evident during the movement or external rotation of the leg. To analyze the results, a frontal and sagittal view was recorded with two filming devices.
Time frame: 1 year
Monopodal dynamic knee valgus
The Single Leg Squat Test was used. The evaluator recorded a frontal and sagittal view with two filming devices. The knee was considered to be aligned if the patella was over the second toe.
Time frame: 1 year
Lumbo-pelvic stability
It was evaluated qualitatively with the Single Leg Squat Test and the Hurdle Step Test. To analyze the results, a frontal and sagittal view was recorded with two filming devices and the criteria established by Perrot were used. It was considered stable if there was minimal movement in all three planes, the pelvic girdle was aligned and there was no evidence of excessive anteroposterior tilt and/or trunk rotation. It was considered unstable if these criteria were not met.
Time frame: 1 year
Dynamic postural stability
It was analyzed qualitatively with the Single Leg Squat Test. The test was recorded with two filming devices (frontal and sagittal) and the criteria established by Perrot and Crossley were used. For this purpose, the deviation of the trunk with respect to the center of gravity was observed. It was considered stable if there was minimal translation of the center of mass, i.e., no lateral flexion/tilt, rotation or trunk flexion/extension.
Time frame: 1 year
Jumping/landing technique
It was analyzed with de Single Hop for distance Test. Ankle stability at landing, dynamic knee valgus, lumbopelvic stability and dynamic postural stability were analyzed.
Time frame: 1 year
Symmetry between the dominant and non-dominant limb
From the distance obtained in the Single Hop for distance Test, the Symmetry Index was calculated using the formula: (Distance dominant limb/Distance non-dominant limb)\*100.
Time frame: 1 year
Age
Recorded in years.
Time frame: 1 year
Category
According to the age of the participant could compete in 3 categories: U14, U16 or U17.
Time frame: 1 year
Gender
Female or male.
Time frame: 1 year
Weight
Weight was recorded in kg.
Time frame: 1 year
Height
Height was recorded in cm.
Time frame: 1 year
Body Mass Index (BMI)
It was calculated from the following formula \[weight (kg) / height2 (m)\].
Time frame: 1 year
Wingspan
The horizontal wingspan was recorded in cm.
Time frame: 1 year
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