Ketone bodies are a fuel source and signaling molecule that are produced by your body during prolonged fasting or if you consistently eat at low-carbohydrate diet. Blood ketones can be used as a source of energy during fasting and are used by your brain as an alternative source of fuel to glucose. Previous studies have found that ketones, when consumed in form of a supplement drink, can increase blood ketone levels and lower blood glucose, the amount of sugar in your blood. This is of potential interest for individuals with high blood sugar, such as people living with type 2 diabetes. However, there are different types of ketone supplements that differ in how they are metabolized in the body. Little is known about how these supplements affect blood ketone and blood glucose levels. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of three different ketone supplements on blood ketones and blood glucose. The results of this pilot study will be used to guide future research for larger and more extensive studies on ketone supplements.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
12
Single-dose pharmacokinetic study over 4 hours.
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
1,3-Butanediol
University of British Columbia Okanagan
Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
Blood Beta-hydroxybutyrate
Are under the curve (AUC) across 240 minutes after supplement consumption (assessed at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 post-supplementation)
Time frame: 240 minutes (assessed at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 minutes post-supplementation)
Blood Glucose
Area under the curve (AUC)
Time frame: 240 minutes (assessed at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 minutes post-supplementation)
Blood Pressure
Change over time
Time frame: 240 minutes (assessed at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 minutes post-supplementation)
Heart Rate
Change over time
Time frame: 240 minutes (assessed at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 minutes post-supplementation)
Supplement Acceptability & Taste
Questionnaire
Time frame: 240 minutes post-supplementation
Hunger & Fullness
Questionnaire
Time frame: 240 minutes post-supplementation
Gastrointestinal Discomfort
Questionnaire
Time frame: 60 minutes post-supplementation
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