This project aims to investigate the impact of acute bout of submaximal exercise under different pre-exercise dietary conditions (fasted state versus high carbohydrate breakfast versus high protein breakfast) on postprandial glycaemic, appetite regulation and energy balance.
Participants will be asked to arrive to the laboratory between 08:00 and 9:00 am after not eating for between 12-14 hours i.e. in a fasted state (water intake is permitted and encouraged). Participants will then be given one of three test drinks (i.e., breakfast): 1) water only; 2) high carbohydrate drink; or 3) high protein (whey protein) drink. Each of these drinks will also contain 500 mL of water and artificial sweetener. 2 h after breakfast, participants will then exercise on a treadmill for 45 min followed by a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 30 min ad libitum lunch intake. Blood samples, blood pressures and questionnaire (e.g., appetite and mood) will be collected in a regular pattern throughout the trials. Cognitive functions will be tested at baseline, pre-exercise and 2 h post-exercise. Energy balance will be assessed using food diary and an accelerometer for the rest of the day after leaving the laboratory until midnight.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
12
Participants will remain fast (Fasted) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
Participants will consume a high protein breakfast (Protein) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
Participants will consume a high carbohydrate breakfast (Carbohydrate) 2 h prior to 45 min exercise at 65% VO2max.
National Taiwan Normal University
Taipei, Taiwan
RECRUITINGMetabolic health
Changes in blood glycaemic and insulinaemic responses post-exercise between trials
Time frame: 150 minutes
Lipid profile
Changes in blood triglycerides, cholesterol \& NEFA concentrations post-exercise between trials
Time frame: 150 minutes
Gut hormones
Changes in gut hormones (e.g., GLP-1, PYY and GIP, etc.) responses post-exercise between trials
Time frame: 150 minutes
Appetite
ad libitum lunch intake after OGTT between trials
Time frame: 30 minutes
Visual analogue scale (VSA)
Changes in VSA (e.g., appetite \& mood, etc) between trials
Time frame: 305 minutes
Substrate oxidation
Changes in total energy expenditure, lipid oxidation and carbohydrate oxidation between trials
Time frame: 305 minutes
Inflammation
Changes in inflammation biomarkers (e.g., IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1ra, etc.) responses during trials
Time frame: 305 minutes
Blood pressure
Changes in blood pressure during trials
Time frame: 305 minutes
Cognition
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Changes in cognitive performance during trials
Time frame: 305 minutes
Energy balance
Changes in energy intake and physical activity once participants leaving the laboratory until midnight
Time frame: 480 minutes