DAPSONE GEL7.5%Versus Trichloroacetic Acid 20% ON ACNE VULGARIS

Overview

Acne vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, is one of the most prevalent diseases that effects more than 80% of the population worldwide . A variety of factors such as genetics, hormones, infections, as well as environmental factors have been identified as the causes of acne development . Acne usually generates as a result of blockage in the pilosebaceous unit (including hair follicle, hair shaft, and sebaceous gland) due to the over-produced sebum by sebaceous gland, which further triggers the excessive proliferation of the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. Acnes).

Chemical peeling can target the pathogenic factors recognized in acne and treat present primary and secondary lesions, it also improves the pigmentary changes seen with acne, and hastes the time taken to repair skin to normal. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA), salicylic acid (SA), and azelaic acid (AA) have proved efficacy in the treatment of acne as a result of their exfoliative and keratolytic properties . The mechanism of TCA peel in the treatment of acne vulgaris is due to its ability to diminish corneocyte cohesion and keratinocyte plugging, thus helping in comedolytic action. In addition, application of TCA to the skin causes precipitation of proteins and coagulative necrosis of epidermal cells, leading to removal of damaged skin and its replacement by normal tissue. Dapsone is a "4,40-diamino diphenyl sulfone" compound and an aniline derivative from synthetic sulphones.. Sulphonamides were first used in humans as antimicrobial agents to treat streptococcal infections. Dapsone derived from sulphonamides was first used in the treatment of leprosy in 1940 . Subsequently, it was used in the treatment of bullous dermatoses, especially dermatitis herpetiformis, and in the treatment of non-infectious inflammatory dermatoses, especially neutrophilic dermatoses . Today, Dapsone treatment is among the treatment options for many dermatological diseases. Dapsone carries both bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory properties. Its antimicrobial effect stems from its sulfonamide-like ability to inhibit the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid . Additionally, dapsone has multiple anti-inflammatory properties. It inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species directly and reversibly inhibits the myeloperoxidase enzyme thus decreasing hypochlorous acid formation. further more topical dapsone has been used with different concentration in treating acne vulgaris: both dapsone gel 7.5% and dapsone gel 5%has been used and found to be safe and effective

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