Published data suggest that inflammation and fibrosis of adipose tissue could be factors favoring the development of insulin resistance in obese individuals and that a decrease in the activity of the AMP-activity kinase protein (AMPK) could lead to these dysfunctions. However, very few data are available in humans. There is also growing interest in persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as a cardiometabolic and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk factor. There is some evidence to suggest that POPs directly contribute to lipid metabolism dysfunction and insulin resistance. Additionally, POPs are stocked in adipose tissue. The accumulation of POPs in adipose tissue therefore limits their bioavailability to other organs, thus reducing their systemic toxicity. It has been observed that a large amplitude weight loss leads to a significant increase in POPs in the blood. The goal of this project is to identify adipose tissue factors/dysfunctions that contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity in humans and thus raise avenues for screening and treatment of these metabolic complications. More specifically, the objectives are: * To study the relationship between AMPK, fibrosis and inflammation of adipose tissue and their role in the development of insulin resistance and T2D associated with obesity; * To examine the relationship between POPs and the cardiometabolic profile.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
98
Sleeve gastrectomy
Blood samples will be collected to measure glucose, insulin, albumin, uric acid, HbA1c, lipids, hepatic enzymes, TSH, hs-CRP, complete blood cell counts and persistant organic pollutants
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured.
Body weight, height and waist circumference will be measured.
Body composition will be evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Resting metabolic rate will be measured by indirect calorimetry.
Food intake, energy intake and food quality will be evaluated using the food frequence questionnaire.
A sample of 3-5g of adipose tissue will be collected under local anesthesia by needle aspiration in the periumbilical region.
Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Adipose tissue fibrosis using qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
Adipose tissue fibrosis using qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
Calory intake
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
Calory intake
Time frame: 3 months after bariatric surgery
Calory intake
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
Food quality using the Food Frequency Questionnaire
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
Food quality using the Food Frequency Questionnaire
Time frame: 3 months after bariatric surgery
Food quality using the Food Frequency Questionnaire
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
Persistant organic pollutants measured by high-resolution chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
Persistant organic pollutants measured by high-resolution chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry
Time frame: 3 months after bariatric surgery
Persistant organic pollutants measured by high-resolution chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
AMP-activated protein kinase
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
AMP-activated protein kinase
Time frame: 3 months after bariatric surgery
AMP-activated protein kinase
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
Inflammation in adipose tissue using qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry
Time frame: Before bariatric surgery
Inflammation in adipose tissue using qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry
Time frame: 3 months after bariatric surgery
Inflammation in adipose tissue using qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry
Time frame: 6 months after bariatric surgery
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