The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of sugar levels in cigarette tobacco on cigarette abuse liability and appeal. Participants will attend several clinic visits to smoke cigarettes with different levels of sugars and will complete multiple questionnaires to assess their experiences. Each of the sessions will be separated by at least 48 hours but not more than 5 days. The hypothesis is that the measures collected in this study will indicate lower abuse liability for cigarettes with lowest sugar content.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Winston brand cigarettes will be modified by adding sucrose to each cigarette at 2 levels so that the amount of total (originally present and added) sugar content in these cigarettes matches median and highest levels found in popular cigarette brands.
Masonic Cancer Center at University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Impact of Cigarette Sugar Content on Product Satisfaction.
Product satisfaction will be measured using Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (mCEQ). The mCEQ will involve 5 items rated on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 "Not at all" to 7 "Extremely". A lower score would indicate less satisfaction, enjoyment smoking the assigned cigarette.
Time frame: At each session, 2 hours post all puffs (assessed at all 4 sessions, each session was up to 4 hours, and all sessions took place between 2-3 weeks post enrollment, separated by 2-5 days)
Impact of Sugar Content on Behavioral Outcomes Using the Multiple Choice Procedure Task.
Outcome measures for the Multiple Choice Procedure task are breakpoint (price at which participant switches from the study cigarette to money), elasticity (changes in consumption in response to changes in price); intensity (consumption at $0.00 price); Omax (maximum expenditure); and Pmax (price corresponding to Omax). Multiple Choice Procedure determines the price at which participants would switch from product to money, called the crossover point. Products with lower abuse liability tend to have a lower crossover point.
Time frame: At each session, 2 hours post all puffs (assessed at all 4 sessions, each session was up to 4 hours, and all sessions took place between 2-3 weeks post enrollment, separated by 2-5 days)
Other Subjective and Behavioral Measures: Effects/Liking
Drug Effects/Liking Questionnaire is used to assess abuse liability of drugs and measures overall desirability of the product and intention to use in the future. Range from 0 - 100. A score of 0 being the weakest possible score, with 100 being the strongest score. Answers to questionnaire are averaged to calculate a composite score.
Time frame: At each session, 2 hours post all puffs (assessed at all 4 sessions, each session was up to 4 hours, and all sessions took place between 2-3 weeks post enrollment, separated by 2-5 days)
Other Subjective and Behavioral Measures: Sensory Effect of Smoking
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Sensory Effect of Smoking Questionnaire (SESQ) uses a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 "Not at all" to 7 "Extremely", with a lower score indicating lower favorability, strength and effect of the cigarette on a participant. Five questions in this SESQ used for this study deal with the sensation of the strength of smoke impact on tongue, nose, mouth and throat, windpipe, and chest. Responses to each question were averaged to calculate final score. Total average minimum is one (lower effect) and total average maximum is seven (higher effect).
Time frame: At each session, 2 hours post all puffs (assessed at all 4 sessions, each session was up to 4 hours, and all sessions took place between 2-3 weeks post enrollment, separated by 2-5 days)
To Evaluate the Impact of Sugar Content on Smoking Intensity
Measure the amount of nicotine levels in the spend filters during the controlled puffing pattern. Nicotine levels will be determined through LC/MS.
Time frame: At each session, 2 hours post all puffs (assessed at all 4 sessions, each session was up to 4 hours, and all sessions took place between 2-3 weeks post enrollment, separated by 2-5 days)