Introduction: Sleep disorders are a growing concern for public health, being related, among others, to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases or poorer cognitive functioning. In addition, these might have a possible impact on aspects related to personal motivation and quality of life. However, few studies have analyzed the possible determinants of sleep quality in the adult population as a whole, establishing patterns based on these. Objective: To evaluate the determinants of sleep quality in a representative sample of the general adult population aged 25 to 65 years old and to establish patterns of sleep quality based on lifestyles, psychological factors, morbidities and biological markers. Methodology: Design: This is a descriptive observational, cross-sectional study that will include a representative sample of 500 people aged 25 to 65 years old from the city of Salamanca (Spain) selected by random sampling stratified by age and sex. Study variables: A visit lasting approximately 90 minutes will be carried out. The determinants of sleep quality will be assessed using both objective and self-reported methods. Variables related to life styles will be assessed: physical activity, diet and toxic habits including tobacco smoking or alcohol use. Morbidity data will also be collected, and psychological factors such as anxiety will also be assessed. Serum melatonin levels will be determined as a biological marker related to sleep quality.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
500
José Ignacio Recio Rodriguez
Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Sleep quality
Measured by accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X). This device reports Total Sleep Time (TST) measured in minutes.
Time frame: Baseline
Sleep quality
Measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Possible scores on the PSQI range from 0 (no difficulty) to 21 (severe difficulties in all areas).
Time frame: Baseline
Physical activity
Measured by accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X). This device reports physical activity measured in steps per hour.
Time frame: Baseline
Diet
Measured by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Possible scores range from 0 (lower adherence) to 14 (higher adherence).
Time frame: Baseline
Tobacco smoking
Measured by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. This six-item questionnaire generates test scores ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater nicotine dependence.
Time frame: Baseline
Alcohol use
Measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Possible scores range from 0 to 40. An AUDIT score of 8 or more indicates hazardous or harmful alcohol use; a score of less than 8 indicates non-hazardous consumption.
Time frame: Baseline
Anxiety
Measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire. Possible scores range from 0 to 21. Increasing scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.
Time frame: Baseline
Serum melatonin levels
Serum melatonin levels (measured in pg/ml) will be determined by high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS triple quadrupole).
Time frame: Baseline
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