Diagnostic Accuracy of Quantitative Neuropad Test for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Inclusion Criteria: 1\) diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients; 2) age between 18 and 80 years. Exclusion Criteria: 1\) patients with type 1 diabetes, secondary diabetes, and patients with pre-existing diabetic foot; 2) exclusion of the following clinical conditions: foot skin lesions (scarring, rash, flaking skin, infection, etc. on the skin of the test site), peripheral arterial occlusive disease, long-term heavy smoking, chronic alcohol abuse, thyroid disease, liver insufficiency (more than 3-fold increase in liver enzymes), renal insufficiency (eGFR ≤ 30 mL /min/1.73m2), acute and chronic infections, cervical and lumbar spine diseases, bone and joint system diseases, other neurological diseases, autoimmune diseases, malignant tumors, psychiatric or psychological diseases, taking drugs that affect autonomic function, and combined with other diseases that can cause peripheral neuropathy; 3) those who cannot complete the experiment as required.