The present prospective observational multicentric study will assess the nutritional status of critically ill patients, cumulative calorie and protein balance and the effect of calorie and protein balance on clinical outcomes.
Nutritional therapy is a very important aspect of the management of critically ill patients. These patients need intensive monitoring, various organ supports in the form of vasopressors and inotropes, mechanical ventilation, dialysis, extracorporeal organ supports, infection controls, etc. In this very complex, critical and demanding scenario, nutritional therapy often gets a back seat in the initial period at least till the time patient is stabilised. But this nutritional deprivation has much more deleterious effects in sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndromes induced catabolic state than that of fasting in healthy persons. Various studies showed that inadequate feeding has been associated with an increased hospital length of stay, incidence of complications, infections, incidence of organ failure, and risk of mortality. A single centre prospective study that analyzed 768 patients reported that 69% were calorie deficient and 90% were protein deficient. They also observed a positive correlation between calorie deficit and infectious complications, length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay and days of mechanical ventilation. The main factors may hinder enteral feeding and adequate nutrition delivery. That includes delay in the initiation of Enteral Nutrition (EN) and slow infusion rate; low adherence to EN practice guidelines; frequent disruptions to EN due to diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. In observational studies, patients in the ICU who were fed early through the enteral route have had a better outcome than those who were not. Similarly, overfeeding has also been associated with various complications, including hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, azotemia, hypercapnia, and an increased rate of mortality among patients. Therefore, optimum nutrition is vital to a patient's survival. The present prospective observational multicentric study will assess the nutritional status of critically ill patients, cumulative calorie and protein balance and the effect of calorie and protein balance on clinical outcome
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,000
Either enteral or parenteral nutrition is used for the patient admitted in the ICU
NMC Specialty Hospital, Al Nahda
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Calorie and protein balance
Cumulative calorie and protein balance.
Time frame: From day of randomization till 7 days, or the patient is discharged from ICU, or death of the patient, whichever is earlier.
Length of ICU stay
Correlation between initial nutritional status and calorie and protein deficit with length of ICU stay
Time frame: From the day of randomization till the patient is shifted out of ICU, or death of the patient, or 28 days of ICU admission, whichever is earlier.
Days of Mechanical Ventilation
correlation between initial nutritional status and calorie and protein deficit with days of mechanical ventilation
Time frame: From day of randomization till the patient is removed from mechanical ventilation, or 28 days of ICU admission, or death of the patient, whichever is earlier
Mortality
Correlation between initial nutritional status and calorie and protein deficit with mortality
Time frame: From the day of randomisation to 28 days of ICU admission.
Time to initiation of enteral or parenteral nutrition
Time from ICU admission to initiation of enteral or parenteral nutrition
Time frame: From the day of randomisation till 28 days of ICU admission, or death of the patient, whichever is earlier
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