The prevalence of adults with overweight (50%) and obesity (15%) reached high number in Belgium. Important lifestyle behaviors, i.e. sleep, sedentary time (SB), and physical activity (PA) subdivided into light physical activity (LPA) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), have shown an impact on overweight and obesity characteristics (e.g. adiposity). However, these behaviors have often been investigated separately. Therefore, a recent shift in research emphasizes the importance of considering these behaviors as part of a 24-hour day. Since these adults can benefit from an optimal 24-hour composition as part of a healthy lifestyle, it may be interesting to investigate the 24-hour movement composition among these adults. In addition, exploring different personal determinants, environmental determinants, and cardiometabolic markers will provide meaningful insights in developing an intervention.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
250
The first work package of this project is an explanatory cross-sectional study with no intervention.
Ghent University Hospital, Dept. of Endocrinoly
Ghent, East-Flanders, Belgium
24-hour movement behaviors
During their visit to Ghent University hospital, participants will receive a 'wGT3X-BT' 'ActiGraph accelerometer that will objectively measure their 24-hour movement behaviors (PA, SB, and sleep). The participants will wear the accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Additionally, this accelerometer data will be supplemented with a diary to validate sleep time and (non)wear time.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Demographics
The following demographics will be questioned: age, sex, marital status, family situation, living environment, ethnicity, smoking, educational level, profession, net family income, and medication intake, PA participation, dietary interventions
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Dietary factors
A Food Frequency Questionnaire will collect dietary information. This questionnaire is based on the Flemish food-based dietary guidelines for adults. This questionnaire can make a distinction between following a healthy plant based diet and unhealthy plant based diet.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Quality of Life (QoL)
The Health related quality of life scale 'Short Form Health Survey' (SF-12) is classified into 8domains: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pail, general health, energy/fatigue, social functioning, role-emotional, mental health. Scale is between 0 and 100 where a higher score reflects a better QoL.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Depression
The Beck Depression Inventory will be used to screen for depression among this target group. It is one of the most widely used depression instruments. It measures both the intensity of depression as well as a screening for depression in Nw and OwOb adults. The Scale is between 0 an 63 where a higher score reflects a higher susceptibility of depression.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Behavioral factors
The following behaviors will be questioned: autonomous motivation, attitude, self-efficacy, subjective norm, internal control (i.e. habits, routines, skills), and external control (i.e. perceived barriers, real barriers). These questions are part a self-developped questionnaire which is currently tested for reliability. The scores will be calculated based on the cumulative percentage of the group. A higher score reflects a higher score on the specific behavioral construct.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Environmental factor
The environmental factors are divided into socio-environmental factors and physical environmental factors. Socio-environmental factors are social support and modeling. Physical environmental factors are walkability, neighborhood, work environment, sleep environment, and electronic devices at home. These questions are part a self-developped questionnaire which is currently tested for reliability. The scores will be calculated based on the cumulative percentage of the group. A higher score reflects a higher score on the specific environmental construct.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
HbA1c
Blood parameters will be collected by a study nurse. This blood sample will be collected in a EDTA tube and will be analyzed by the clinical lab of Ghent university Hospital.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Glucose
Blood parameters will be collected by a study nurse. This blood sample will be collected in a Serum tube and will be analyzed by the clinical lab of Ghent university Hospital.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Triglycerides
Blood parameters will be collected by a study nurse. This blood sample will be collected in a Serum tube and will be analyzed by the clinical lab of Ghent university Hospital.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL)
Blood parameters will be collected by a study nurse. This blood sample will be collected in a Serum tube and will be analyzed by the clinical lab of Ghent university Hospital.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Body mass index
BMI will be calculated by measuring weight (Seca 861) and height (Seca 213). The weight and height will be used in this formula: BMI (kg/m²)= (weight in kg)/(height in m)².
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Waist circumference
The waist circumference will be measured with a measuring tape (Seca 201).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
waist to hip ratio (WHR)
The hip circumference will be measured with a measuring tape (Seca 201).Both waist and hip circumferences will be used to calculate WHR= (waist circumference in cm)/ (hip circumference in cm)
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
body fat percentage
The body fat percentage will measured by 'Tanita SC-240MA'
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
blood pressure
Blood pressure will be measured twice (interval of one minute) with an automatic OMRON M6 Comfort device after 10 minutes of rest
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGE's)
AGE's are interesting to explore as predictors in developing several comorbidities (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, microvascular complications). They will be measured with an AGE-reader, which is a quick and non-invasive device
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA's) risk
To measure OSA's risk, I will measure the participants' neck circumference by a measuring tape (Seca 201) and ask questions based on the STOP-BANG questionnaire. Scale ranges between 0 and 8. A higher score reflects a higher risk for OSA.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months to 1 year
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