The aim of the study is to compare sleep efficiency by means of actigraphy in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with healthy controls. Sleep efficiency, assessed on actigraphy, sleep architecture assessed on on polysomnography, body temperature and urine melatonin levels will be compared between the patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with healthy controls.
Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are rare genetic diseases characterized by a developmental abnormality of at least two of the following ectodermal derivatives: teeth, nails, pilosity and glands. In the hypohidrotic form (HED), dental abnormalities (oligodontia, hypodontia) and the decrease or even the absence of sweating are predominant. The lack of sweating, and therefore of the regulation of core body temperature, can impact the daily lives of patients as soon as the ambient temperature exceeds 23-24 ° C. Core body temperature is one of the players of the internal biological clock that regulates sleep. Indeed, sleep is induced by a decrease in core body temperature concomitant with a peak of melatonin secretion. Consequently, the absence of sweating in HED and therefore the inability to lower core body temperature may explain the poor sleep quality reported by patients. However, sleep disturbances have not been analyzed in the literature nor the relationship between sleep quality and core body temperature in patients with HED. The sleep of patients with HED who are followed at the national reference center for rare diseases of the skin and mucous membranes of genetic origin (MAGEC center) of the Necker-Enfants Malades hospital will be evaluated and compared to sleep of healthy controls screened within in the patient's family. The main objective of the study is to compare the sleep efficiency evaluated on actigraphy between HED patients and healthy controls. Sleep efficiency will be measured by means of actigraphy during 10 days and one overnight polysomnography, together with continuous recording of proximal and distal skin temperature during 10 days, one-off measurement of sweating by a sweat test and urine melatonin assay over 24 hours. Subjective sleep quality will also be assessed by means of questionnaires in patients and healthy controls. Finally, patients with HED will also have a standardized psychological and neuropsychological assessment.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
22
Sleep efficiency recording at home by means of actigraphy during 10 consecutive days.
Recording of proximal and distal skin temperature at home by data loggers placed on the skin during 10 consecutive days. Recording of temperature of the bedroom by a data logger during 10 consecutive days.
One-off questionnaires assessing subjective sleep quality. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) evaluates sleep quality with questions about sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medications, and daytime dysfunction during the last month. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale evaluates daytime sleepiness and comprises 8 items (situations) during which individuals assess how likely they would fall asleep.
Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades
Paris, France
Sleep efficiency on actigraphy
Comparison of sleep efficiency evaluated on actigraphy between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: 10 days
Total sleep time on actigraphy
Comparison of total sleep time evaluated on actigraphy between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: 10 days
Awake after sleep onset on actigraphy
Comparison of wake after sleep onset evaluated on actigraphy between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: 10 days
Sleep fragmentation index
Comparison of sleep fragmentation index evaluated on actigraphy between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: 10 days
Melatonin secretion cycle
Comparison of the melatonin secretion cycle between DEH patients and healthy controls using the urinary quantitative assay of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin by ELISA method.
Time frame: 48 hours
Total sleep time on polysomnography
Comparison of total sleep time evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Sleep onset latency
Comparison of sleep onset latency evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Sleep efficiency on polysomnography
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One-off measurement of sweating by a sweat test at the hospital.
Two urine melatonin at home during 24 hours, one during a week day and one during the weekend
Sleep architecture assessed by a polysomnography during one night at home.
One-off psychological and neuropsychological assessment of patients with HED during a hospital visit
Comparison of sleep efficiency evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Awake after sleep onset on polysomnography
Comparison of wake after sleep onset evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Micro-arousal index
Comparison of micro-arousal index evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Percentage of sleep stages
Comparison of the percentage of sleep stages evaluated on polysomnography between HED patients and healthy controls.
Time frame: One night
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Subjective sleep quality. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality. Normal value \<5. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess daytime sleepiness (normal value \<8)
Time frame: Day 0
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Subjective sleep quality. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess daytime sleepiness. Normal value \<8. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess daytime sleepiness (normal value \<8)
Time frame: Day 0
WPPSI-IV intellectual ability test
Neuropsychologic tests in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the WPPSI-IV. Mean normal score is 100 ± 15. Abnormal for a score \<70.
Time frame: Day 0
WISC-V intellectual ability tests
Neuropsychologic tests in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the WISC-V. Mean normal score is 100 ± 15. Abnormal for a score \<70.
Time frame: Day 0
WAIS-IV intellectual ability tests
Neuropsychologic tests in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the WAIS-IV. Mean normal score is 100 ± 15. Abnormal for a score \<70.
Time frame: Day 0
TAP attention test
Attention test in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the TAP test. Mean normal value of T-score is 50 ± 1. Abnormal for a T-score \<30.
Time frame: Day 0
NEPSY-II attention test
Attention test in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the NEPSY-II test. Mean normal value =10 (SD3). Abnormal for a score \<4).
Time frame: Day 0
Conners 3 attention questionnaire
Attention questionnaire in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using Conners 3 questionnaire. Mean normal value of T-score is 50 ± 10), abnormal T-score \> 69.
Time frame: Day 0
NEPSY-II for executive function test
Executive function evaluation in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the NEPSY-II Mean normal score is 10 ± 3, abnormal when score \<4.
Time frame: Day 0
Trail Making for executive function test
Executive function evaluation in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the Trail Making test. Mean normal score is 10 ± 3, abnormal when score \<4.
Time frame: Day 0
TAP subtests for executive function
Executive function evaluation in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using the TAP subtests. Mean normal value of T-score TAP subtests is 50 ± 10, abnormal T-score is \<30.
Time frame: Day 0
BRIEF and BRIEF-P questionnaire for executive function
Executive function questionnaire in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia using BRIEF and BRIEF-P questionnaire. Mean normal value of T-score is 50 ± 10, abnormal T-score is \> 65.
Time frame: Day 0
Correlation between skin temperature and sleep efficiency and architecture
Correlation between skin temperature and sleep efficiency in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and healthy controls. Sleep efficiency is evaluated by actigraphy results and architecture by polysomnography results. Skin temperature is evaluated by a data logger placed on the skin.
Time frame: 10 days
Correlation between skin temperature and sleep questionnaires scores
Correlation between skin temperature and sleep quality questionnaires scores in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and healthy controls.
Time frame: 10 days
Correlation between skin temperature and melatonin secretion
Correlation between skin temperature and melatonin secretion cycle in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and in control subjects.
Time frame: 10 days
Correlation between sleep efficiency and neuropsychological test scores
Correlation between sleep efficiency evaluated on actigraphy and neuropsychological test scores in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
Time frame: 10 days