Compatibility of Participation Levels of Adolescents With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

Akdeniz University127 enrolled

Overview

The goal of this study is to assess the agreement between the outcomes of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who participated in Participation and Environment Measurement Child \& Youth (PEM-CY) by the adolescent and primary caregiver. There are a few studies in the literature that look at the participation of teenagers with ADHD, but none that look at the participation of adolescents with ADHD from both the perspective of the adolescents and the primary caregivers. The primary caregiver's measurement results and the adolescents' measurements do not concur, according to this study's hypothesis.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood. In addition to fundamental symptoms like inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, ADHD can be accompanied by a variety of diseases. Adolescents with ADHD are less likely to participate in activities at home, school, or in the community as a result of this. In comparison to children without ADHD, Shimoni et al. found that children with ADHD participate less frequently in most leisure activities, like formal leisure activities less, and have a lower desire for participation in specific leisure activities, such as physical and social leisure activities. Adolescents and their primary caregivers have disagreements on a variety of topics. This disagreement is also likely to arise when it comes to choose who will participate. Furthermore, while measuring the level of engagement, the need of gathering information from various sources is clear. The Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth (PEM-CY) is a scale that evaluates parents' or caregivers' involvement with children and young people in the home, school, and community. Adolescents with ADHD had lower levels of participation in the home, school, and community than control groups, according to research. However, no study analyzing this level of bidirectional participation could be found in the existing literature (adolescent-primary caregivers). As a result, the primary goal of this study is to examine the participation of adolescents with ADHD from the perspectives of adolescents and primary caregivers using The Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY), as well as to demonstrate the agreement between these two evaluations. Furthermore, it will be compared to healthy controls in terms of participation and agreement rates.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 12 YearsMax age: 17 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 7 years and 12 years; * Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by a child and adolescent health psychiatrist, regardless of subtype, according to DSM-V criteria * Have cognitive ability to follow instructions for assessment measures Exclusion Criteria: * Children have any other psychiatric diagnosis like autism spectrum disorder, psychotic symptoms, depression, etc. * Children have any neurological or orthopedic disorders like head injury, cerebral palsy, epileptic seizure, visual and speech disorder.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Evaluation of participation

Participation and Environment Measurement Child \& Youth (PEM-CY) is a parent-report questionnaire to assess participation and environment factors in the home, at school, and within community settings. The participation sections included 10 activities in the home setting, five activities in the school setting and 10 in the community setting. For each activity, parents are asked to determine the participation frequency (how frequently has the child participates with eight options: daily to never), participation involvement (how involved the child is while participating in the activity rated on a five-point scale: very involved to minimally involved) and whether change is desired (do the parents want to see change in the child's participation in this type of activity: no or yes, with five different types of change).

Time frame: baseline

Secondary Outcomes

Evaluation of ADHD symptoms

The Conners' Ratin Scale - Revised (CRS-R) was designed to address the need for a multimodal assessment of children and adolescents' behavioral difficulties and contains a parent form, a teacher form, and an adolescent self report form. The parent form, the CPRS-R, is appropriate for use with parents of children and adolescents ages 3 through 17. The Long Form contains 80 items and can be completed by most parents/guardians in approximately 20 minutes.

Time frame: Baseline