Interest of a Simulated Procedure Performed on a Printed Model in the Endovascular Treatment of Carotid-sylvian Aneurysms

Overview

It is now considered that 1% to 2% of the French population has an intracranial aneurysm. The major risk of this malformation is essentially the rupture which will lead in 10% of cases to death immediately, in 30% to 50% death within three weeks and in 30% of cases the patients will present a permanent disability. The management of this pathology represents today a major health challenge. Historically, neurosurgery was the discipline of first choice for the treatment of this pathology. This consists of clipping the aneurysm by a surgical approach to exclude it from the blood circulation and thus avoid its rupture. For many years now, interventional neuroradiology has established itself, through its "minimally invasive" and endovascular approach, as the reference treatment for ruptured and non-ruptured intracranial aneurysms: this is embolization. This so-called minimally invasive technique consists of placing directly into the aneurysm, using micro-catheters that are navigated under radiological control from the femoral artery, turns of plates called "coils" or prostheses called " stent" or "flow-diverter". This technique makes it possible to secure the aneurysm from the inside and thus reduce the risk of rupture. Today, 95% of patients are treated using this innovative technique and limited intraoperative risks. Interventional neuroradiology has constantly known in recent years a set of revolutions and innovations in terms of implantable medical devices (IMD) allowing to treat more and more patients with excellent clinical results. Today, the interventional neuroradiologist, assisted by the radiographer, has a very wide range of IMDs that he can combine with each other depending on the type, location, size and shape of the aneurysm. The role of the manipulator, here, is to work closely with the neuroradiologist so that he has, on the one hand, quality images and on the other hand, that he can count on a precious ally, an expert in IMDs, during embolization procedures. However, the wide choice of medical devices and the complexity of the aneurysms to be treated sometimes make treatment complicated. On the day of the "cold" treatment of the aneurysm (i.e. non-ruptured), the technicality of the catheterization and aneurysm's spatial conformation complicates the deployment of embolization equipment. This then sometimes leads to undesirable events such as intraoperative rupture. The very purpose of this study is to be able, by means of a 3D printer, to print the patient's aneurysm from the segmented 3D images obtained during the initial assessment and thus proceed to a simulation of the embolization procedure. This pre-operative planning (PPO) carried out in real conditions aims to anticipate the possible complications that could be encountered on the same day of treatment.

The indication of a primary preventive treatment by endovascular route will be posed in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting of neurovascular pathology for patients who have accidentally discovered a carotid-sylvian cerebral aneurysm (not ruptured). During the treatment announcement consultation carried out by an interventional neuroradiologist taking place, generally less than a month, after the staff, the latter may propose the study to the patient. The investigator gives him the information letter. The patient will benefit from a reflection period of one week and will be contacted by telephone by the MERM to validate or not his wish to participate in the study. The random selection of patients is carried out in consultation during the inclusion visit (consultation with the MERM). The pre-operative course will be carried out according to the usual scheme in the 2 groups. Unlike the control group (PPO-), the PPO+ group will have a parallel PPO (Pre-Planning Operative). The intracranial aneurysm embolization treatment procedure will then be performed in both groups. The duration of the study is a maximum of 6 months per participant, including a maximum interval of 2 months between the inclusion visit and the treatment (usual coverage period between the treatment announcement consultation and the intervention) and 4 months of follow-up (end-of-study visit at M4).