The aim of the study is to determine the effect of SGG application on pain, anxiety/anxiety, fear and physiological variables during dressing in children aged 4-10 years with liver transplantation. Children with liver transplantation are in the whole treatment and care process; exposed to frequent and repetitive painful procedures. Abdominal dressings were observed to be the most frequent-repetitive, long-term source of pain affecting children physically and psychologically from these procedures. It is thought that the use of virtual reality during abdominal dressing will be beneficial because of the size of the abdominal incision and dressings, the use of no analgesic or sedative agent during dressing, and the children are affected by this incision image. It is thought that virtual reality can be used and effective in this area in terms of keeping people away from images and sounds and isolating them from real life.
Liver transplantation is becoming widespread as an effective treatment option. Medical and technological developments have affected the increase in the number and success rate of transplant patients. On the other hand, some physiological and psychological problems occur in children during and after transplantation. It is stated that the biggest source of fear for children in the hospital is invasive procedures such as blood draw, injection, and post-operative dressing change. These interventions, which are accepted as treatment and care procedures and which must be performed, are defined as procedural sources of pain. Dressing changes after abdominal surgery can cause the child to experience pain and fear. Although it is known that procedural pain is physiological, it is thought that the fear and anxiety that arise during this time also cause pain. The pain experienced by children during dressing change and the inability to effectively manage this pain; It can disrupt the secretion of hormones and permanently change the function and arrangement of some organs. It can prolong hospital stay by causing deterioration in glucose balance and delay in wound healing. Procedural pain management aims to minimize the pain and anxiety experienced by children due to medical interventions. For this purpose, it is recommended to use non-pharmacological methods in addition to pharmacological treatment methods. One of the most preferred non-pharmacological methods in children is distraction. Unlike other methods of distraction, virtual reality is a different method in that it distances the person from images and sounds, isolates them from real life, brings together multiple sensory experiences and maximizes the sense of attention. In the treatment and care process of children with liver transplantation; exposed to frequent and repetitive painful procedures. Abdominal dressings were observed to be the most frequent-repetitive, long-term source of pain affecting children physically and psychologically from these procedures. It is thought that the use of virtual reality during abdominal dressing will be beneficial because of the size of the abdominal incision and dressings, the use of an analgesic/sedative agent during dressing, and the fact that children are affected by this incision image. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of SGG application on pain, anxiety/anxiety, fear and physiological variables during dressing in children aged 4-10 years who had liver transplantation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
15
Firat University
Elâzığ, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGFaces Pain Scale-Revised (FPSR)
Hicks et al. (2001) Revised Facial Expressions Pain Scale (R-FAS) is a self-expression-based scale that can be applied to children aged 4-16. The scale consists of 6 facial expressions graded from 0 to 10 according to the severity of the pain. The R-FLPS, which can be understood easily and quickly with the explanation given to children, has been translated into more than 35 languages. Values between 1-3 indicate mild pain, values between 4-6 indicate moderate pain, and values between 7-10 indicate severe pain.
Time frame: 5- 10 min
Child Anxiety Scale-State Scale (CAS-D)
CAS-D is a visual scale for children aged 4-10 years. With a light bulb at the bottom and ten horizontal lines running towards the top, this visual scale resembles a thermometer. While applying the scale; children "Imagine that all of your anxious or nervous feelings are on the bulb or the top of the thermometer (point with your finger on the scale)", "If you are even slightly worried or nervous, the emotions may increase a little (point your finger up on the scale)", "Very, very worried or If you are nervous, the emotions may go all the way to the top of the lines (move your finger to the top), instructions such as "Put a line to let us know how anxious or nervous you are feeling." Following the data collection process, the research team members followed the child's "ÇAS-D " and a transparent meter with ½ point increments is placed over the child's rating and the ½ point increment is rounded to the nearest number to determine the child's score. The score can range from 0-10.
Time frame: 5-10 min
Child Fear Scale (CFS)
The Child Fear Scale (CDS), developed by McMurtry et al., is used to evaluate the fear levels of children aged 4-10 (32). 5 cartoon face images were used in the scale. Anxiety level is evaluated with numbers between "0" and "4". A score of "0" indicates "no anxiety" and a score of "4" indicates "severe anxiety". Validity and reliability of the scale Özalp-Geker et al. Made by in 2018. The scope validity index is 0.89.
Time frame: 5-10 Min
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