Language Processing and TMS

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with left hemisphere stroke * Consent date \>= 1 month after stroke onset * Right-handed * Fluent in English * 18 years of age or older Exclusion Criteria: * Severe cognitive, auditory or visual impairments that would preclude cognitive and language testing * Non-decisional per decisionality questionnaire or other clinical assessment * Presence of major untreated or unstable psychiatric disease (e.g. schizophrenia, bipolar disease) * A chronic medical condition that is not treated or is unstable * Presence of 1. cardiac stimulators or pacemakers or intracardiac lines 2. neurostimulators 3. medication infusion device 4. any other implants near the scalp (e.g., cochlear implants) or in the eye 5. metal in the body * Pregnancy * History of skull fractures, or skin diseases * History of ongoing or unmanaged seizures or a family history of epilepsy * Presence of factors that potentially decrease seizure thresholds * On pro-convulsant medications * Untreated Sleep deprivation or insomnia * Ongoing alcoholism or illegal drug abuse (e.g., cocaine or MDMA users) * History of dyslexia or other developmental learning disabilities