Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass and an increase in body fat, a condition especially present in the elderly. A significant improvement in metabolic parameters has been observed with the completion of taurine supplementation and also with the practice of physical exercise, but there are no studies associating the interventions mentioned above with the aim of analyzing the metabolic profile of elderly people with sarcopenic obesity. The metabolomics approach allows the study of a whole set of metabolites involved in a biological system. It is believed that taurine supplementation associated with physical exercise is capable of promoting positive contributions to the metabolic profile, investigated through a metabolomics approach. Therefore, the present study seeks to investigate whether taurine supplementation associated with exercise is able to promote contributions to the metabolic profile, through a metabolomics approach, in elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.
Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass and an increase in body fat, a condition especially present in the elderly. A significant improvement in metabolic parameters has been observed with the completion of taurine supplementation and also with the practice of physical exercise, but there are no studies associating the interventions mentioned above with the aim of analyzing the metabolic profile of elderly people with sarcopenic obesity. The metabolomics approach allows the study of a whole set of metabolites involved in a biological system. It is believed that taurine supplementation associated with physical exercise is capable of promoting positive contributions to the metabolic profile, investigated through a metabolomics approach. The study will involve 60 elderly women with sarcopenic obesity who will be randomly distributed into 4 groups: 1) GPL, submitted to placebo supplementation (n=15); 2) GTAU, submitted to taurine supplementation (n=15); 3) GPL+EX, submitted to placebo supplementation associated with physical exercise (n=15) and 4) GTAU+EX, submitted to taurine supplementation associated with physical exercise (n=15). The interventions will take place for 16 weeks, collections and evaluations will be carried out pre and post-intervention of functional capacity testing, anthropometry, resting energy expenditure, biopsy of white adipose tissue for analysis of gene expression and blood collection for analysis of the plasma concentration of taurine and of the metabolomic profile. Body composition, and food consumption will be evaluated pre, during and post-intervention. The synergistic effects of the proposed intervention are expected to improve the metabolic parameters, regarding the profile anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid metabolism, body composition, and functional physical capacity in elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
60
Participants will receive 3g of taurine to be supplemented in the morning in single-dose capsules. The intervention will last 16 weeks. Pshysical exercise Participants will perform a multicomponent type workout that explores strength, aerobic and balance capacities with load progression every 15 days. The sessions will last 60 minutes each, being held three times a week with a day of rest in between. The intervention will last 16 weeks
Participants will receive 3g of placebo to be supplemented in the morning in single-dose capsules. The intervention will last 16 weeks. Pshysical exercise Participants will perform a multicomponent type workout that explores strength, aerobic and balance capacities with load progression every 15 days. The sessions will last 60 minutes each, being held three times a week with a day of rest in between. The intervention will last 16 weeks.
Participants will receive 3g of taurine to be supplemented in the morning in single-dose capsules. The intervention will last 16 weeks.
Participants will receive 3g of placebo to be supplemented in the morning in single-dose capsules. The intervention will last 16 weeks.
Metabolomic Profile
Changes in metabolites and lipids of the biological sample investigated through the metabolomics approach.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Gene expressions in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). RNA (mRNA) levels of infammatory gene markers.
Changes in the expression of genes related to the inflammatory process that will be analyzed: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-15 (IL-15), necrosis factor tumor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-κβ (NFκβ) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ).
Time frame: 16 weeks
Gene expressions in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). RNA (mRNA) levels of oxidative stress genes markers.
Changes in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress that will be analyzed: superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and catalase (CAT).
Time frame: 16 weeks
Gene expressions in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). RNA (mRNA) levels of lipid oxidation genes markers.
Changes expression of genes related to the lipid oxidation process that will be analyzed: sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), forkhead O 1 (FOXO1), peroxisome proliferator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), peroxisomal proliferator alpha type (PPARα).
Time frame: 16 weeks
Functional ability tests: Six-minute walk test (minutes)
Changes in functional capacity assessed by: six-minute walk test.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Functional ability tests: forearm flexion test (seconds)
Changes in functional capacity assessed by: forearm flexion test.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Functional ability tests: muscle strength (dynamometer) - highest peak force (KGF)
Changes in functional capacity assessed by: muscle strength (dynamometer).
Time frame: 16 weeks
Functional ability tests: chair sit-up test. (seconds)
Changes in functional capacity assessed by: chair sit-up test.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Indirect calorimetry assessment
Changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR) evaluated pre and post intervention by indirect calorimetry.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Body composition changes (%)
Changes in % fat-free mass and fat mass evaluated pre, during and post intervention by iDEXA.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Anthropometric measurements (Body weight)
Changes in body weight (kilograms - Kg) pre and post intervention.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Anthropometric - height assessment (meters)
Height measured in meters
Time frame: 16 weeks
Anthropometric measurements (Circumferences)
Changes in waist, abdominal, and hip circumferences (centimeters) evaluated pre and post intervention.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Others changes in metabolic parameters
Changes in total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-c, fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity evaluated pre and post intervention.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Food Intake changes
Changes in food consumption. It will be evaluated through 24-hour food records. The professional software Dietbox will be used to evaluate the total consumption of energy and macronutrients. Evaluated pre, during and post intervention.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Changes in Plasma Taurine Concentration
Changes in Plasma Taurine Concentration. Plasma taurine will be determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Time frame: 16 weeks
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