The Effect of Laser Acupuncture in Different Meridians on the Autonomic Nervous System and Its Brain Mechanisms

Acupuncture therapy is an important branch of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of clinical diseases. However, due to its more invasive treatment, some patients (such as children or patients with trauma to acupoints) are not suitable for this treatment. In recent years, laser acupuncture (irradiating acupoints with low-power lasers) has gradually become popular in the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine because of its non-invasiveness, no pain, and few side effects. There are many domestic and foreign case reports showing that it may have curative effects . For example, in patients with severe peripheral facial nerve palsy who have not been significantly improved for 12 years, after four months of laser acupuncture intervention, the affected side of the eye can be completely closed, and the sagging facial muscles on the affected side can be significantly raised. For severe sciatica patients with an average Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of 9.6, the pain was relieved by more than half after the first laser acupuncture, and their symptoms disappeared completely after the 56th intervention. For children with low acceptance of traditional acupuncture, some studies have also pointed out that laser acupuncture treatment for about 12 times a month can effectively improve children with tension-type cerebral palsy due to central regulation problems. of muscle spasm, especially in the biceps brachii, iliopsoas, thigh adductor muscle group, etc., the effect is more significant. For carpal tunnel syndrome, studies have also confirmed that after about 20 laser acupuncture interventions a month, the symptoms of peripheral carpal tunnel syndrome have been significantly improved. Although the above-mentioned clinical cases and studies have shown that laser acupuncture may have clinical efficacy in some diseases, its mechanism is not yet clear. At present, most of its clinical efficacy is explained by the mechanism of photomodulation therapy, that is, after laser stimulation, it will change the redox reaction of local mitochondria, promote the synthesis of ATP and increase the body\'s energy source, and can activate endocrine regulation, regulate the concentration of neurotransmitters, anti-inflammatory, and restore blood circulation, thereby resulting in a series of clinical effects such as repair and functional recovery. However, laser acupuncture has not accumulated as many research results as traditional acupuncture, and the mechanism through which the central nervous system achieves clinical efficacy has not been extensively explored, let alone its relationship with the meridians. Several pilot studies have previously performed laser acupuncture at different acupoints and observed changes in heart rate variability (HRV) to explore whether laser acupuncture could alter the autonomic nervous system. However, due to the differences in operating parameters such as wavelength, time, output power, probe size, and even energy density of laser acupuncture, the research results on whether laser acupuncture affects HRV and even the autonomic nervous system are inconsistent. Some reports show that laser acupuncture at Neiguan can increase the overall power of HRV, but other studies show no significant change. If the effect of laser acupuncture on sympathetic or parasympathetic nerve activity is further analyzed, it has been reported that in subjects on night shifts, laser acupuncture at Neiguan acupoint can significantly increase parasympathetic nerve activity and reduce sympathetic nerve activity . However, in patients with chronic insomnia, laser acupuncture at Neiguan acupoint significantly increased sympathetic nerve activity and decreased parasympathetic nerve activity. Therefore, there is still a lot of room to be clarified and explored in the way of laser acupuncture at Neiguan, the influence on the autonomic nervous system, and its possible central nervous system. Research Objectives Past research on light modulation therapy has pointed out that its dose effect often presents a biphasic dosage effect, that is, the Arndt-Schulz law: after the dose exceeds the minimum threshold, the effect of the low dose area increases with the dose increase, but The effect in high-dose regions decreases with increasing dose. Therefore, the inconsistent results of laser acupuncture at Neiguan acupoint on HRV and even the autonomic nervous system may also be related to the biphasic dose effect. The purpose of this study is to 1) explore the changes in the autonomic nervous system and brain activities caused by laser acupuncture of different intensities on Neiguan point; 2) to explore whether laser acupuncture is accompanied by different autonomic nerve responses and brain activities on acupoints of different meridians. In this study, the investigators expected to recruit healthy subjects, and in a parallel experimental design, the three-intensity laser was applied to the Neiguan point on the pericardium meridian or the Shugu point (BL65) of the bladder meridian with high, low and no intensities Acupuncture, through PRV changes (such as heartbeat, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heartbeat interval, low frequency power, high frequency power, low/high frequency power ratio, etc.), observe the effect on the autonomic nervous system. In addition, resting-state fMRI was also used to understand the corresponding changes in the regulation of autonomic nervous system-related brain network activity before and after laser acupuncture. Through these designs, the investigators hope to explore the relationship between laser acupuncture dose, autonomic changes, and changes in related brain network activity to clarify their possible neural mechanisms. And by extension, compare it with the bladder meridian of Foot Taiyang, analyze the meridian phenomenon contained in the pericardium meridian of handicapped Jueyin, and conduct a pilot study on its possible clinical treatment of neural mechanism.