Daily consumption of one of the forms of Vitamin B3, the Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), energizes the body and combats cellular aging. This study is designed to test whether NR can also improve brain health and memory.
This study is designed to test the hypothesis that restoration of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) levels with Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) in older adults will improve neurovascular coupling (NVC) responses and micro- and macrovascular endothelial function. This hypothesis will be tested by assessing the effects of treatment with oral NR (1g/day per os for 8 weeks) or placebo (8 weeks) in community dwelling older adults (60-85 years of age).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
214
Oral NR, 1g/day per os for 8 weeks
Visually identical pill to NR, daily per os for 8 weeks
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
RECRUITINGChange in neurovascular coupling using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will be performed during the cognitive n-back task. fNIRS approach generates data that represent a relative change in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin measured over the cortical brain tissues. Neurovascular coupling will be evaluated as a change in oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin between before and after treatment. Units of measure - beta. Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in neurovascular coupling using transcranial Doppler
Transcranial Doppler sonography will be used to measure the change in the blood flow velocities during the cognitive n-back task between before and after treatment. Units of measure - % change between the n-back tasks. Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in neurovascular coupling using the dynamic retinal vessel analysis
Flicker light-induced dilation of the retinal vessels (percentage increase over baseline diameter) will be measured in the right or left eye of each study participant using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer (DVA, IMEDOS Systems, Jena, Germany). Units of measure mm, reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in neuronal activity
EEG signal will be collected to generate spectral data. These data will be used for comparison of EEG activity between before and after treatment. Units of measure - power spectral density. Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in microvascular endothelial function
Changes in microvascular endothelial function will be assessed using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) in the hand using the flow mediated dilation approach. The change in skin perfusion is calculated and reported as a %change from baseline, between before and after treatment. Units of measure - perfusion index (arbitrary units). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
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Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in macrovascular endothelial function
Changes in macrovascular endothelial function will be assessed using sonography during flow mediated dilation approach. The change in brachial artery diameter (mm) is calculated and reported as a %change from baseline, between before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in deep tissue oxygen saturation
Transcutaneous deep tissue oxygen saturation will be measured using the inSpectra near infrared device. The data are calculated and reported as a %change from baseline, between before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in arterial stiffness
The arterial stiffness will be measured using the pulse wave analysis approach (SphygmoCor, Atcor medical, Itasca IL, or similar). Analysis generates the augmentation index which will be used for comparison before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in ECG
ECG will be recorded for heart rate variability analysis. The values of high frequency domain, low frequency domain, their ratio, as well as total power will be calculated and used for comparison before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Glycocalyx - perfused boundary region
Video recordings of the sublingual vasculature will be performed using the high definition video camera GlycoCheck (Microvascular health solutions). Data collected will include perfused boundary region (um), and will be used for comparison before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in capillary density
Video recordings of the sublingual vasculature will be performed using the high definition video camera GlycoCheck (Microvascular health solutions). Data collected will include capillary density (mm/mm\^2), and will be used for comparison before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in red blood cell velocity
Video recordings of the sublingual vasculature will be performed using the high definition video camera GlycoCheck (Microvascular health solutions). Data collected will include red blood cell velocity (um/sec), and will be used for comparison before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Attention
The allocation of one's limited capacities to deal with an abundance of environmental stimulation will be measured in a combined "Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test".Units of measure - score (from 0 to 10, bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Episodic Memory
Cognitive processes involved in the acquisition, storage and retrieval of new information, will be measured using the "Picture Sequence Memory Test". Unit of measure - overall score (bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Working Memory
The ability to store information until the amount of information to be stored exceeds one's capacity to hold that information will be measured using the "List Sorting Working Memory Test". Unit of measure - overall score (bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Language
Picture Vocabulary Test measures receptive vocabulary administered in a computer-adaptive test (CAT) format. Respondents select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word, before and after treatment. Unit of measure - overall score (bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Executive Function
The capacity to plan, organize and monitor the executive of behaviors that are strategically directed in a goal-oriented manner will be measured using the "Dimensional Change Card Sort Test". Units of measure - score (from 0 to 10, bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Change in Processing Speed
Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test assesses the amount of information that can be processed within a certain unit of time. Items are simple so as to purely measure processing speed. Units of measure - score (from 0 to 130, bigger number is better). Reported as a %change from baseline, before and after treatment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Blood collection
Blood samples will be collected to measure concentration of NAD metabolites for comparison before and after treatment. Blood samples will also be used in in vitro assays to measure the effect of treatment on endothelial function.
Time frame: 8 weeks