This study will investigate the effects of narratives on demand for low and high ventilated cigarettes and substitution for alternative products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace.
An important aim of tobacco control is to reduce demand for the most harmful products. One product feature that could be changed to benefit public health is cigarette filter ventilation. A recent review examined the effects of cigarette filter ventilation and concluded that filter ventilation, by changing how a cigarette burns, yields more mutagens and carcinogens, and results in greater puff volume and possibly depth of inhalation, which has led to increases in peripheral lung adenocarcinomas. This study will use a novel method, the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), to compare the impact of a narrative and a factsheet on the negative consequences of filter ventilation on tobacco product purchases. High-ventilated cigarette smokers will complete multiple scenarios in the ETM.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
89
High-ventilated cigarettes are the only available cigarettes in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace which increases in price across trials. Other nicotine/tobacco products are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Low-ventilated cigarettes are the only available cigarettes in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace which increases in price across trials. Other nicotine/tobacco products are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Addiction recovery Research center
Roanoke, Virginia, United States
Nicotine/Tobacco Products Substitution Intercept
Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), where cigarette prices increased (type varied by condition) while other product prices remained at market value. The extent to which other nicotine/tobacco products substituted for usual, high-, and low-ventilated cigarettes was assessed. The quantity of products purchased in the ETM was converted to milligrams (mg) of nicotine to standardize the unit of measurement across products. The data reflect the relationship between nicotine purchased (mg; y-axis) and cigarette price (x-axis). To obtain estimates of substitution of price-constant products in the different ETM conditions, the investigators used ordinary least squares regression to predict total mg of nicotine purchased of the price constant product. Y-intercept of price-constant products is reported.
Time frame: 1 day
Cigarette Demand Intensity q0
Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), where cigarette prices increased (type varied by condition) while other product prices remained at market value. The extent to which other nicotine/tobacco products substituted for usual, high-, and low-ventilated cigarettes was assessed. The quantity of products purchased in the ETM was converted to milligrams (mg) of nicotine to standardize the unit of measurement across products. The data reflect the relationship between nicotine purchased (mg; y-axis) and cigarette price (x-axis). Demand was estimated using the exponential equation: Q = Q0 \* 10\^k(exp(-αQ0C) - 1), where Q is nicotine purchased (mg), C is price, Q0 is demand intensity (purchases at no cost), k is the function's logarithmic span, and α is demand elasticity. Intensity q0 is reported, which represents the estimated mg of nicotine purchased when cigarettes are free (price = 0).
Time frame: 1 day
Nicotine/Tobacco Products Substitution Slope
Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), where cigarette prices increased (type varied by condition) while other product prices remained at market value. The extent to which other nicotine/tobacco products substituted for usual, high-, and low-ventilated cigarettes was assessed. The quantity of products purchased in the ETM was converted to milligrams (mg) of nicotine to standardize the unit of measurement across products. The data reflect the relationship between nicotine purchased (mg; y-axis) and cigarette price (x-axis). To obtain estimates of substitution of price-constant products in the different ETM conditions, the investigators used ordinary least squares regression to predict total mg of nicotine purchased of the price-constant product. Slope of price-constant products is reported, which represents the change in mg of nicotine purchased of price-constant products divided by the change in cigarette price.
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High- and low ventilated cigarettes are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace with high-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price across trials. Other nicotine/tobacco products are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Low- and high-ventilated cigarettes are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace with low-ventilated cigarettes increasing in price across trials. Other nicotine/tobacco products are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Usual cigarette, low- and high-ventilated cigarettes are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace with usual cigarettes increasing in price across trials. Other nicotine/tobacco products are available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Time frame: 1 day
Cigarette Demand Elasticity Alpha
Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), where cigarette prices increased (type varied by condition) while other product prices remained at market value. The extent to which other nicotine/tobacco products substituted for usual, high-, and low-ventilated cigarettes was assessed. The quantity of products purchased in the ETM was converted to milligrams (mg) of nicotine to standardize the unit of measurement across products. The data reflect the relationship between nicotine purchased (mg; y-axis) and cigarette price (x-axis). Demand was estimated using the exponential equation: Q = Q0 \* 10\^k(exp(-αQ0C) - 1), where Q is nicotine purchased (mg), C is price, Q0 is demand intensity (purchases at no cost), k is the function's logarithmic span, and α is demand elasticity. Elasticity alpha is reported, which represents the sensitivity of purchasing to changes in cigarette price.
Time frame: 1 day