Integrated Care with GP Participation for Older Persons in the Ambulatory Care Hub: a Prospective Cohort Study.

Overview

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) demonstrates positive outcomes amoung community-dwelling older people living with frailty. However, there is currently no evidence of benefit for CGA with General Practitioner (GP) participation within the Irish Primary Care setting. This study aims to explore the clinical and process outcomes of older adults living with frailty who are screened by and referred to one of the three Ambulatory Care Hub's in the primary care setting in the Mid-West of Ireland by their GP, where they undergo a CGA .

The growth of ageing population poses significant difficulties in the delivery of healthcare to older adults. As people age, they experience a decline in their intrinsic capacities which leads to an increasing prevalence of multi-morbidity which ultimately leads to older adults at increased risk of requiring emergency care and increased multidisciplinary health needs. With functional decline and deterioration in an older persons' ability to self-care being a common consequence of hospitalisation, older people are placed at higher risk of requiring increased care needs after discharge from acute care and transfer between care settings proves a challenge for the provision of seamless quality care. The World Health Organisation recommends health and social care professionals intervening at an early stage of this ageing process in order to prevent or delay the process of becoming frail through delivering effective interventions that are targeted at functional decline. Internationally, there is recognition for health and social care systems to reorient towards longitudinal, preventive, coordinated and integrated care models, reflecting the growth in multi-morbidity and the needs of older people's complex health and social care requirements. The World Health Organisation acknowledges this shift in healthcare delivery and launched the 'WHO Guidelines on Integrated Care for Older People' programme where it highlighted the need to develop and implement comprehensive community-based approaches at the primary healthcare level in the context of a needs assessment and integrated care plan. CGA is an interdisciplinary diagnostic process which includes an assessment and holistic management plan that is based on the individual needs of the older person. As many older adults' first point of contact with the health service is through primary care, General Practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in the coordination of the older person's care. Frailty screening by the GP and comprehensive geriatric assessment within the primary care setting has demonstrated significant positive health outcomes in community-dwelling older people, demonstrating reduced rates of hospitalisation, reduced hospital re-admissions, reduced GP visits and an increase in social activities. A primary care based multidisciplinary team aim to improve the delivery of care and clinical and process outcomes for community-dwelling older people through the delivery of CGA in the Ambulatory Care Hub (ACH). An ACH is a clinical site within the primary care setting, with access to diagnostics, specialised services and specialist care in order to support older people to live in their own homes for as long as possible. This study aims to explore the clinical and process outcomes of older adults living with frailty who are screened by and referred to one of the three Ambulatory Care Hub's in the Mid-West of Ireland by their GP.