Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radical cystectomy is the standard if care for cisplatin-eligible patients with MIBC. Developments in the last two decades suggest that bladder sparing therapy may be a valuable alternative to radical cystectomy. Currently, well-documented TMT regimens, which include complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, demonstrated durable oncologic control and long-term survival in selected patients. Nevertheless, TMT has not been widely used in clinical practice. On the one hand, due to the complexity of TMT, multiple clinical departments are required to cooperate in the assessment, treatment and follow-up of patients. On the other hand, concerns about tumor recurrence, lack of surgical intervention in regional lymph nodes, and organ dysfunction due to the treatment of large doses of pelvic radiation have reduced the clinical acceptance of TMT. In recent years, immunocheckpoint inhibitors such as PD-1/L1, including Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, and Tislelizumab, have proven to be promising immunotherapy approaches for advanced urothelium cancer, leading to breakthroughs in the treatment of advanced urothelium cancer. Immunocheckpoint inhibitors also showed positive efficacy in patients who did not respond to BCG treatment during perioperative period. Therefore, immunotherapy can be another means of bladder preservation after surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, bladder sparing target population is still unclear, among which, the NCCN guidelines recommend patients suitable for bladder preservation: T2-3N0M0, single lesion (longest diameter less than 6 cm), histological type of urothelial carcinoma, no CIS, and no hydronephrosis. Therefore, the focus of bladder preservation treatment is not only on the treatment before and during bladder preservation, but also on maximizing the follow-up treatment of TURBT and exploring its long-term benefits based on response to systematic treatment before maximized TURBT.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Tislelizumab 200 mg I.V. Q3W on the day 1
Cisplatin 70mg/m2 I.V. Q3W on the day 1, dose fractionation is allowed ;Gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 I.V. Q3W on the day 1 and day 8
* Whole bladder 44Gy / 16fractionation (If N1: Whole bladder + Pelvic nodes 44Gy / 16fractionation) (Positive lymph nodes can be dosed to the maximum tolerable dose) * Tumor boost 11Gy / 4fractionation * Radiosensitizing chemotherapy: DDP 75-80 mg/m2 weekly Q3W
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
Shanghai, China
BIDFS at one year
BIDFS, bladder intact disease free survival, was defined as the time from the start of regimen until MIBC recurrence, regional pelvic recurrence, distant metastasis, bladder cancer-related death, or cystectomy.
Time frame: one year
MFS at two years
MFS, metastatic free survival, was defined as time from the start of regimen to first diagnosis of distant metastasis
Time frame: two years
BIDFS at two years
BIDFS, bladder intact disease free survival, was defined as the time from the start of regimen until MIBC recurrence, regional pelvic recurrence, distant metastasis, bladder cancer-related death, or cystectomy.
Time frame: two years
Treatment-related adverse events
Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0
Time frame: two years
cCR after first treatment stage
cCR, clinical complete response, defined as cT0, which is clarified as negative cystoscope, negative urine cytology and no disease evidence on imaging at the end of the first phase of treatment, and cTa, which is assessed as papillary bladder cancer by cystoscope, urine cytology and imaging.
Time frame: two years
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