Effects of Multicomponent Training on Inflammation Parameters and Muscle Quality in Elderly Obese Woman

Overview

Population aging worldwide has increased substantially in recent years. In order to prevent disabling diseases and improve the quality of life, it is necessary to understand the conditions related to the health of this specific population. One of the known alterations that occur in the body is the increased low-grade systemic inflammatory process, anabolic resistance, and muscle catabolism. These conditions can negatively interfere with muscle quality and functionality. However, the maintenance of the metabolic and physical functionality of muscle tissue can be preserved by performing physical exercises throughout life because of its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In the present study, a multicomponent training program that combines aerobic, strength, balance, and flexibility capacities was used. The hypothesis is that performing this type of physical exercise will mitigate meta-inflammation and its negative effects, in addition to stimulating anabolic signals and reducing insulin resistance present in anabolic resistance, leading to improved quality and muscle functionality in elderly women with obesity.

Population aging worldwide has increased substantially in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to know and understand the conditions related to the health of this specific population in order to prevent disabling diseases and improve the quality of life. One of the major concerns associated with the senescence process is the various physiological changes that can occur in the body. Body composition changes, bone loss, muscle catabolism, an increased low-grade systemic inflammatory process, and anabolic resistance all contribute to the development and/or worsening of several aging-related diseases. In particular, chronic low-grade inflammation, also known as meta-inflammation, can negatively interfere with muscle quality and functionality by reducing the muscle's ability to use energy substrates, amino acids, and perform protein synthesis. However, the maintenance of the metabolic and physical functionality of muscle tissue can be preserved by performing physical exercise throughout life because physical exercise can stimulate anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In the present study, a multicomponent training program will be used, which consists of training that combines aerobic, strength, balance, and flexibility capacities, and is capable of reducing inflammatory parameters and increasing physical and muscular capacities, resulting in a better quality of life and being thus attractive to this specific population. In view of this approach, the hypothesis is that performing this type of physical exercise is capable of mitigating meta-inflammation and its negative effects, in addition to stimulating anabolic signals and reducing insulin resistance present in anabolic resistance, leading to improved quality and muscle functionality in elderly women with obesity.